Choosing between continuous laser welding and pulse welding

Laser welding technology is one of the most advanced and precise welding techniques used in modern manufacturing. Particularly in the Brazilian industry, which is constantly evolving, the choice between continuous laser welding and pulse welding becomes crucial, depending on the project and material in question. This article details each technique, helping manufacturers and engineers make informed decisions about the process best suited to their needs.

Understanding Laser Welding

What is Laser Welding?

Laser welding uses the concentrated energy of a laser beam to fuse materials, usually metals or thermoplastics. This method is known for its high precision and ability to create high-quality joints with minimal thermal deformation.

Continuous Laser Welding

In continuous laser welding, the laser beam is kept constant during the welding process. This technique is ideal for:

• Applications Requiring Strong Joints: Provides deep penetration and a wide fusion zone, resulting in a high strength weld.
• Speed: Faster than pulse welding, ideal for large-scale production.
• Thick Materials: Excellent for more robust materials that require more energy for effective welding.

Benefits:

• High time efficiency.
• Lower incidence of welding defects in thick materials.

Disadvantages:

• Greater risk of deformation in thin materials.
• It can cause significant enlargement of the heat-affected area.

Laser Pulse Welding

Laser pulse welding, on the other hand, uses laser pulses that are temporarily emitted with interruptions. This technique is preferred for:

• Delicate Materials: Reduces the total amount of heat applied, minimizing deformation and structural alteration.
• Precision Applications: Ideal for electronics, jewelry and medical devices where precision is critical.
• Detailed Control: Allows fine adjustments to pulse energy, duration and repetition for specific results.

Benefits:

• Greater control over welding, ideal for fine details and sensitive materials.
• Minimizes thermal distortion and heat affected area.

Disadvantages:

• Generally slower than continuous welding.
• May be less energy efficient for large production volumes.

Applications and Technical Considerations

Selection of the Appropriate Method

• Type of Material: Some materials, such as certain plastics and precious metals, benefit more from pulse welding due to their sensitivity to heat.
• Material Thickness: Thinner materials generally require the precision of pulse welding to prevent damage, while thicker materials are efficiently processed with continuous welding.
• Production Requirements: Production volume and speed are also critical considerations. Large-scale productions may justify the use of continuous welding, while unique or high-value parts may require the precision of pulse welding.

Concluding

The choice between continuous laser welding and pulse welding depends on several factors, including the type of material, material thickness, and specific project requirements. Both techniques offer unique advantages, and the decision should be based on a careful analysis of production needs and material properties.

We invite industry professionals to share their experiences and preferences between these two welding techniques. Your feedback is valuable and can help others make informed decisions.