AISI 310 Stainless Steel (UNS S31000)
AISI 310 stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel with high chromium and nickel content and high carbon content. It has excellent mechanical properties, high temperature oxidation resistance and heat resistance.
Type 310S is a low carbon version of SS 310, 310H is to obtain the best creep resistance and creep rupture resistance. 310Cb is added with niobium to maximize carbide stability, prevent sensitization, and improve weldability and creep resistance at high temperatures.
Properties of 310 Stainless Steel
The following tables provide properties and specifications of AISI 310 stainless steel (data sheet), including chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties, heat treatment, corrosion resistance, machinability and machining, welding, etc.
Chemical composition
The chemical composition of type 310 stainless steel is listed in the following table.
| Chemical Composition of Type 310 Stainless Steel,% | |||||||||
| ASTM Standard | AISI (UNS) | C, ≤ | Yes, ≤ | Mn, ≤ | P, ≤ | S, ≤ | Cr | No | Other elements |
| ASTM A240/A240M; ASTM A276/A276M; ASTM A314; ASTM A167; ASTM A479/A479M ASTM A580/A580M; ASTM A473; ASTM A959 SAE J405; |
310 (UNS S31000) | 0.25 | 1.50 | 2:00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 24.0-26.0 | 19.0-22.0 | – |
| 310S (UNS S31008) | 0.08 | 1.50 | 2:00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 24.0-26.0 | 19.0-22.0 | – | |
| 310H (UNS S31009) | 0.04-0.10 | 0.75 (1.00) | 2:00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 24.0-26.0 | 19.0-22.0 | – | |
| 310Cb (UNS S31040) | 0.08 | 1.5 | 2:00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 24.0-26.0 | 19.0-22.0 | Nb, 10×C-1.10 | |
| 310HCb (UNS S31041) | 0.04-0.10 | 0.75 | 2:00 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 24.0-26.0 | 19.0-22.0 | Nb, 10×C-1.10 | |
Physical properties
The physical properties of type 310 stainless steel are listed in the table below, such as density, melting point, specific heat, electrical resistivity, modulus of elasticity (modulus of elasticity), thermal conductivity, and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE).
Grades:
- 10 -6 ·K -1 = 10 -6 /K
- 1Ω mm²/m = 1 μΩ m
- 1 g/cm3 = 1 kg/dm3 = 1000 kg/m3
- 1 GPa = 1kN/mm2
- 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2
| Type 310 Physical Properties | |
| Density, g/cm3 (lb/in3) | 8.0 (0.29) |
| Melting point, °C (°F) | 1400-1450 (2550-2650) |
| Specific heat capacity, J/kg·K (Btu/lb ·°F) | 500 (0.12) at 20°C (68°F) |
| Electrical resistivity, μΩ·m | 0.78 at 20°C (68°F) |
| Magnetic permeability | 1.02 (approximate) |
| Elastic Modulus (Modulus of Elasticity), Gpa (10 6 psi) | 200 (29.0) |
| Thermal conductivity, W/m·K (Btu/ft · h ·°F) | 14.2 (8.2) at 100°C (212°F) |
| 18.7 (10.8) at 500 °C (932 °F) | |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), 10 -6 /K (μin./in. ·°F) | 15.9 (8.8) at 0-100℃ (32-212°F) |
| 16.2 (9.0) at 0-315℃ (32-600°F) | |
| 17.0 (9.4) at 0-538℃ (32-1000°F) | |
AISI 310 Grade Stainless Steel Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of AISI 310 stainless steel are given in the data sheet below, including tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, area reduction, Brinell and Rockwell hardness, etc.
| Mechanical Properties ASTM A240 Type 310 | ||||||
| ASTM | AISI (UNS) | Tensile strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | 0.2% yield strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | Stretch by 2 in. (50 mm), %, ≥ | Brinell hardness, HB, ≤ | Rockwell hardness, HRB, ≤ |
| ASTM A240/A240M | 310S, 310H, 310Cb, 310HCb | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 40 | 217 | 95 |
| Mechanical Properties ASTM A276 Type 310 | ||||||
| ASTM | AISI | Tensile strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | 0.2% yield strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | Stretch by 2 in. (50 mm), %, ≥ | Area Reduction, %, ≥ | Conditions |
| ASTM A276/A276M | 310, 310S, 310Cb | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 40 | 50 | Annealed, hot finished, every day. |
| 620 (90) | 310 (45) | 30 | 40 | Annealed, cold finished, diameter ≤ 1/2 in. (12.7mm) | ||
| 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 30 | 40 | Annealed, cold finished, diameter > 1/2 in. (12.7mm) | ||
| Mechanical Properties ASTM A473 Type 310 | ||||||
| ASTM | AISI (UNS) | Tensile strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | 0.2% yield strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | Stretch by 2 in. (50 mm), %, ≥ | Area Reduction, %, ≥ | Conditions |
| ASTM A473/A473M | 310, 310S | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 40 | 50 | Annealed |
| Mechanical Properties ASTM A479 Type 310 | ||||||
| ASTM | AISI (UNS) | Tensile strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | 0.2% yield strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | Stretch by 2 in. (50 mm), %, ≥ | Area Reduction, %, ≥ | Conditions |
| ASTM A479/A479M | 310S, 310H, 310Cb, 302, 304, 304H, 304LN, ER308, E309S, 309H, 309Cb, 316, 316H, 316Ti, 316Cb, 316LN, 317, 321, 321H, 347, 347H, 348, 348H |
515 (75) | 205 (30) | 30 | 40 | Annealed |
| ASTM A580 Type 310 Mechanical Properties | ||||||
| ASTM | AISI (UNS) | Tensile strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | 0.2% yield strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | Stretch by 2 in. (50 mm), %, ≥ | Area Reduction, %, ≥ | Conditions |
| ASTM A580/A580M | 310, 310S, 302, 302B, 304, 305, 308, 309, 309S, 309Cb, 314, 316, 317, 321, 347, 348 | 620 (90) | 310 (45) | 30 | 40 | Annealed, cold finished |
| 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 35 | 50 | Annealed | ||
Type 310 stainless steel heat resistance
| Maximum air service temperatures | ||
| AISI type | Intermittent service | Continuous service |
| 310 | 1035°C (1895°F) | 1150°C (2100°F) |
AISI 310 Stainless Steel Heat Treatment
The following content provides the heat treatment temperature of AISI 310 grade stainless steel, including annealing, forging, etc.
- Recommended annealing temperature for 310 and 310S forged stainless steel: 1040 °C (1900 °F).
- Typical forging temperature range: 980-1175°C (1800-2145°F)
Forms
Type 310 stainless steel is used in various industrial furnaces, steam boilers, and petroleum system parts and thermocouple protection tubes. Examples include firebox plates, furnace linings, boiler baffles, thermocouple wells, aircraft cabin heaters, and jet engine burner linings.
AISI 310 equivalent steel grade
AISI 310 stainless steel equivalent to European EN (Germany DIN, British BSI, French NF…), ISO, Japanese JIS and Chinese GB (for reference).
| Equivalent material in AISI 310 steel | |||||||||||||||||
| USA | European Union | China | Japan | ISO | Australia | India | Russia | Korea | |||||||||
| Standard | Note (UNS) | Standard | Name (Steel Number) | Standard | Name [UNS] | Standard | Note | Standard | Name (ISO number) | Standard | Note | Standard | Note | Standard | Note | Standard | Note |
| AISI, SAE; ASTM |
310 (UNS S31000) | EN 10088-1; EN 10088-2; EN 10088-3 |
X8CrNi25-21 (1.4845) | GB/T 1220; GB/T 3280 |
2Cr25Ni20; 20Cr25Ni20 (New designation); [S31020] |
JIS G4303; JIS G4304; JIS G4305; JIS G4311 |
SUS310 | ISO 15510 | X23CrNi25-21 (4845-310-09-X) | ||||||||
| 310S (UNS S31008) | X8CrNi25-21 (1.4845) | 0Cr25Ni20; 060Cr25Ni20 (New designation); [S31008] |
SUS310S | X8CrNi25-21 (4845-310-08-E) | |||||||||||||
| 310H (UNS S31009) | X6CrNi25-20 (1.4951) | – | SUH310 | X6CrNi25-20 (4951-310-08-I) | |||||||||||||
Related material: SS 304; 18-8 Stainless Steel; SAE AISI 1080 steel
