Welcome to the fascinating world of resistors, where these tiny electronic components play a crucial role in controlling and shaping the flow of electrical current. Resistors are the unsung heroes of circuits and can be found in virtually every electronic device around us. They work in the background to regulate voltage, limit current, and provide accurate resistance. As we explore the different types of resistors, we will discover their special properties, applications, and fascinating intricacies. From classic carbon composite resistors to modern surface mount variants, join us on a journey through the realm of resistors as we delve into their fascinating variations and discover their important role in the world of electronics.
The different resistances depend on their construction, their power loss and their value tolerance.
Resistance
In many circuits, the resistor requires a minimum amount of time to introduce resistance and thus limit the current flowing through it. The resistor is part of a circuit that does the same thing. The series-connected resistor limits the electrical current flowing through the light-emitting diode (LED). Furthermore, resistors perform several alternative functions in electrical and electronic applications.
Definition of resistance
A resistor provides resistance to the flow of electrical current. Resistance is the strength of resistance to the flow of current in a resistor. More resistance means more resistance to electrical phenomenon. The unit of resistance is ohms and is represented as Ω. If one V of electrical potential is applied to a resistor and one ampere of current flows through it, the resistance of the resistor is called 1Ω. The resistor is one of the most important passive components in electrical and electronic engineering.
Classification of resistors based on conductivity properties
Resistors can be classified based on their conductivity properties, which are important for their functionality and application. The two main categories of this classification are fixed resistors and variable resistors. Fixed resistors have a constant resistance value that remains unchanged under normal operating conditions. They offer a stable, predetermined resistance to limit current flow or divide voltage in the Ohm circuit – variable resistors, on the other hand, offer an adjustable resistance.
Linear resistance:
Linear resistor is the type of resistor whose resistance value remains constant with the increase in potential difference or voltage applied to it (or) the resistance or value of current distributed through the resistor does not change when the applied voltage changes. This type of resistor strictly follows Ohm's law.
Nonlinear Resistance:
Nonlinear resistors are resistors where the current flowing through them is not exactly proportional to the potential difference applied across them. These types of resistors have non-linear VI characteristics and do not strictly follow Ohm's law.
Classification of resistors based on their resistance values
Resistors can also be classified based on their resistance value, which determines their ability to prevent the flow of electrical current. They can be broadly divided into fixed resistors and variable resistors. Fixed resistors have a constant, predetermined resistance value and are often used in circuits that require a specific resistance value. Variable resistors, also called potentiometers or rheostats, provide adjustable resistance and allow precise control of current or voltage division. By classifying resistors based on their resistance value, engineers and circuit designers can select the appropriate type to meet the specific needs of their electrical systems.
Fixed Value Resistance
With this type of resistor, the value is determined during manufacturing. The resistor value cannot be changed during use.
Variable resistance
Variable resistors are also called potentiometers. The values of these types of resistors can be changed during use. These types of resistors usually contain a shaft that can be rotated or moved by hand or with a screwdriver to adjust its value within a fixed range, such as B. 0 kΩ to 20 kΩ.
Box resistance
These types of resistors are resistors that consist of a package with more than two resistance ratings or multiple terminals. The resistance value of the resistor can be selected using any of the two terminals between the existing terminals or it can also be used as a set of resistors for various purposes.
Classification of resistors based on composition
Resistors can be classified based on their composition, which refers to the materials used in their manufacture. The two main categories of this classification are carbon and film composite resistors. Carbon composite resistors are made from a mixture of carbon particles and a binder, providing durability and stability. Film resistors, on the other hand, utilize a thin conductive film deposited on an insulating substrate to provide greater accuracy, reliability, and environmental resistance.
Strength of carbon composition
This type of resistor is made from a composition of carbon particles held together by a binder resin. The amount of carbon particles and resin used determines the resistance value. A metal cap with a small tin rod is attached to both ends of the composition for soldering or use in circuits. The entire package is then placed in a plastic wrap to prevent moisture and reactions with air. These resistors typically produce progressive noise as electrons pass from one carbon particle to another. Therefore, they are not used in hazardous classes, although they are economical.
Resistance to carbon deposition
The resistance created by applying a thin layer of carbon across the entire ceramic rod is called carbon deposition resistance. It is made by heating a ceramic rod in a methane bulb and dispersing the carbon around it through a glass-breaking process. Resistance is determined by the amount of carbon deposited throughout the ceramic rod.
High Voltage Paint Film Resistor
This type of resistor is manufactured by applying a high quality resistor paint to a spiral tape directly onto a ceramic base. These resistors can withstand very high voltages of up to thousands of kilovolts and typically have a high resistance of 1 kΩ to 1000 MΩ.
Metal Film Resistor
These resistors are made by spraying vaporized metal onto a ceramic-core rod in a vacuum. These resistors are consistent, have high tolerance and high temperature coefficient. These resistors are expensive and related to others but are used in critical circuits.
Resistance to metallic enamel:
These resistors are made of glass and metal that are graded and applied as dense films to a ceramic substrate and then fired to form a film.
Wirewound Resistor:
These resistors are made by winding a metal wire over a ceramic core. Metallic wire is an alloy of many metals based on the properties and strength of the required resistance. These resistors have high stability and can withstand high power, but they are usually huge compared to other resistors.
Ceramic-to-metal resistance:
This resistor is made by firing certain metals and ceramics into a ceramic substrate. The mixing ratio between ceramic and metal determines the resistance value. These resistors are very stable, have adequate resistance, and are mainly used as surface mount resistors for SMD PCBs.
Conclusion
In summary, understanding the types of resistors is crucial for electronics and electrical engineering. From fixed to variable resistors, each has a unique function. Precision for accuracy, thermistors/varistors for adaptability. The right choice guarantees the reliability of the circuits. This knowledge allows you to confidently navigate evolving technology.
