Explore as misteriosas leis da eletrostática

Explore the mysterious laws of electrostatics

June 22, 2024 Luciano Bertene

In the field of electricity, electrostatics deals with the behavior of static electrical charges and their interactions. From the everyday phenomenon of static electricity to the complicated principles behind electrical fields and potentials, the laws of electrostatics form the basis of electrical phenomena. This article embarks on a captivating journey through electrostatics with the aim of unlocking the mysteries of its rules and illuminating the surprising nature of electrical charges. By understanding fundamental principles such as Coulomb and Gauss' laws, we can understand the behavior of light beads, the formation of electric fields and the distribution of charge in various objects. Join us as we explore the fascinating world of electrostatics, discover its laws, and discover the fascinating forces that shape the invisible realm of electrical charges.

Electrostatics is the name given to electrostatics, which deals with static electricity. All electrical phenomena arise from the variety of charges. Moving charges generate electricity and magnetic effects.

Accelerated charges produce radiation. In addition to moving and accelerated loads, there is another type of load called static loads or static loads. Conductors at rest are responsible for generating forces on other charges called electrostatic forces. Electrostatics means the study of fixed costs and associated effects.

Basic laws of electrostatics

The two basic laws of electrostatics are as follows:

A simple experiment confirms the laws. The ebonite rod becomes negatively charged when rubbed against a leather cloth. When the glass rod is rubbed against the skin tissue, it becomes positively charged. And when they get close, they try to attract each other. Two hard rubber sticks (ebonite) try to repel each other when brought close to each other when rubbed against a leather cloth. This shows that like charges repel each other, while unlike charges attract each other.

Static induced electromotive force in the magnetic circuit

Electromagnetic induction is at the heart of numerous electrical devices and power generation systems. Although it is often associated with the interaction of time-varying magnetic fields and conductors, electromagnetic induction can also occur in magnetic circuits even if the magnetic field does not change over time. This article deals with statically induced electromotive force (EMF) in magnetic circuits and highlights this fascinating aspect of electromagnetic induction.

Coulomb's inverse square law

The law establishes that the mechanical force, attraction or repulsion, between two small charged bodies

Directly proportional to the product of the charges present on the bodies.
Inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the bodies and
It depends on the nature of the environment close to the bodies.

The figure above shows 2 point charges separated by a distance d meters. The charges are coulombs Q1 and Q2 and K is the proportion constant. According to the law of nature, the force between charges is expressed mathematically as follows:

F ∝ (Q ₁ P ₂ )/D ²

∴ F = (KQ1Q2)/d2 Newtonian

The proportionality constant k depends on the surrounding medium and is given as follows:

K = 1/ (4πϵ) = 1 / (4π ϵ _R ϵ ₀ )

Where,
ϵ = Absolute permittivity of the medium = ϵ _R ϵ ₀

ϵ _Ó = permittivity of free space
ϵ _R = Relative permittivity of the medium
ϵ _{0 = 1} / (36π x 10 ⁹ )

For air,
ϵ _{r = 1}

For example, if Q ₁ =F ₂ = 1C and d = 1m
Then F = 1/(4x π x 8.854×10 ^-12 ) = 9×10 ⁹ N

Deciphering the mysterious laws of electrostatics: an illuminating path to understanding electricity

From the subtle pull of a statically charged balloon to the intricate dance of electrons in a storm, the laws of electrostatics govern a realm of invisible forces and phenomena. In this article, we embark on a captivating journey to explore and unravel the mysterious rules underlying electrostatic interactions. As we uncover the complexities of electrical charges and their behavior at rest, we solve the mysteries of how objects become charged, the principles of electric field and potential, and the fascinating concept of Coulomb's law. Prepare to delve into a world of unseen forces and unexplored terrain as we illuminate the profound importance of electrostatics and its profound impact on our modern technological advancements. Join us as we unlock the secrets and gain a deeper understanding of the fascinating world of electrostatics.