Aluminum alloy hardness table: HW, HB, HV, HRB, HBA

Aluminum hardness can be evaluated using several testing methods, including Brinell hardness and Rockwell hardness. The hardness of aluminum alloys is related to other metals with which they are alloyed, such as magnesium, manganese and copper. The addition of these elements can significantly increase the corrosion resistance and hardness of aluminum.

Different series of aluminum alloys have different hardness values; for example, there are differences between the hardness of 7075 aluminum alloy and 6063 aluminum alloy. In addition, the hardness of aluminum alloys can also be measured with specific hardness testers such as Vickers hardness testers and the test method Rockwell hardness.

This indicates that the hardness values ​​of aluminum alloys can vary depending on different testing methods and standards. At the same time, the hardness of aluminum alloys can also be improved through surface treatment methods. For example, anodizing can significantly increase the hardness and wear resistance of aluminum alloys.

Aluminum Alloy Hardness Table

The table below provides typical Vickers hardness values ​​measured with a Vickers Tianxing W-20 hardness tester for nearly 400 different types of aluminum alloy materials with different heat treatment processes.

The Vickers hardness values ​​in the table are typical actual hardness values ​​measured of various aluminum alloy materials and are not used as a basis for determining whether the material is qualified. Hardness qualification values ​​for various materials must refer to the technical specifications of the corresponding product. For example, it is stipulated in the national standard GB 5237.1 “Aluminum alloy construction profiles Part 1: Base material” that the Vickers hardness value of 6063-T5 should not be less than 8HW, and the Vickers hardness value of 6063A- T5 should not be less than 10HW.

Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness and Barcol hardness are for reference only and cannot be used for conversion. If conversion is necessary, it is recommended to use the hardness conversion table of the American standard ASTM E140.

Aluminum Alloy Hardness Table

No	Aluminum Alloy Grade	Hardware	HB	High voltage	HRB	HBA
1	Alpase K100-S board	11.4	62			69
two	Alpase K100 board	11	60			68
3	Alpase M-1 Plate	15	95	107	60	79
4	Weldable alloy, 100 mm	17.4	130	149	79	88
5	Weldable alloy, 200 mm	17.4	130	149	79	88
6	Weldable alloy, 300 mm	17.4	130	149	79	88
7	Weldalite 049-T81	17.2	123	140	76	87
8	Weldalite 049-Solution Treatment	17.4	129	147	78	88
9	Weldalite 049-T3	18	140	162	84	91
10	1050-H14	0	30			45
11	1050-H16	2.5	35			51
12	1050-H18	6.3	43			58
13	1060-H12	0	23			35
14	1060-H14	0	26			40
15	1060-H16	0	30			45
16	1060-H18	2.5	35			51
17	1100-H12	0	28			42
18	1100-H14	0	32			47
19	1100-H16	4.2	38			54
20	1100-H18	6.8	44			59
21	Sheet 1100-H19	10.1	55			66
22	1100-O	0	23			35
23	1145-H18	4.2	39			54
24	Sheet 1145-H19	6.8	45			59
25	1180-H18	0	30			45
26	1199-H18	0	31			46
27	Sheet 1235-H19	6.8	45			59
28	Sheet 1235-O	6.8	45			59
29	1350-H12	0	26			40
30	1350-H14	0	30			45
31	1350-H16	1.3	34			49
32	1350-H19	8.8	50			63
33	1350-O	0	23			35
34	2011-Q3	15	95	107	60	79
35	2011-Q3	15	95	107	60	79
36	2011-T4	13.7	80	90	49	75
37	2011-T6	15.3	97	109	61	80
38	2011-T8	15.3	100	112	63	80
39	2011-T8	15.3	100	112	63	80
40	2014-O	6.8	45			59
41	2014-T4; 2014-T451	15.9	105	118	67	82
42	2014-T6; 2014-T651	17.8	135	155	82	90
43	2017-O	6.8	45			59
44	2017-T4; 2017-T451	15.9	105	118	66	82
45	2018-T61	16.9	120	137	75	86
46	2024-O	7.8	47			61
47	2024-Q3	16.9	120	137	75	86
48	2024-T361	17.4	130	149	80	88
49	2024-T4; 2024-T351	16.9	120	137	75	86
50	2024-T6	17.2	125	142	78	87
51	2024-T81	17.4	128	146	79	88
52	2024-T851	17.4	128	146	79	88
53	2024-T86	17.8	135	155	82	90
54	2025-T6	16.2	110	124	69	83
55	2036-T4	15	95	107	60	79
56	2048	16.9	122	139	76	86
57	2090-O	10.6	57			67
58	2090-T3	14.3	86	97	53	77
59	2090-T84	18	140	162	84	91
60	2091-T8x	16.4	115	130	71	84
61	2091-T8x, 0.1 cold deformation	16.9	120	137	75	86
62	2117-T4	12.6	70	81		72
63	2124-T351	16.9	120	137	75	86
64	2124-T851	17.4	128	146	79	88
65	2218-T61	16.4	115	126	71	84
66	2218-T71	15.9	105	118	66	82
67	2218-T72	15	95	107	60	79
68	2219-O	7.3	46			60
69	2219-T31	15.3	100	113	63	80
70	2219-T351	15.3	100	113	63	80
71	2219-T37	16.7	117	133	73	85
72	2219-T62	16.4	115	130	72	84
73	2219-T81	17.4	130	149	80	88
74	2219-T851	17.4	130	149	80	88
75	2219-T87	17.4	130	149	80	88
76	2618-T61	16.4	115	130	72	84
77	3003-H12	2.5	35			51
78	3003-H14	4.7	40			55
79	3003-H16	7.8	47			61
80	3003-H18	10.1	55			66
81	Sheet 3003-H19	12.2	68	76		71
82	3003-O	0	28			42
83	3004-H19	13.7	79	89		75
84	3004-H32	9.2	52			64
85	3004-H34	11.4	63	73		69
86	3004-H36	12.6	70	80		72
87	3004-H38	13.3	77	87		74
88	3004-O	6.8	45			59
89	3005-H14	8.3	49			62
90	3005-H18	11.8	65	75		70
91	3005-O	2.5	35			51
92	3104-H19	13.3	78	88		74
93	3105-H12	5.3	41			56
94	3105-H14	7.3	46			60
95	3105-H16	9.7	53			65
96	3105-H18	10.6	58			67
97	3105-H25	8.3	49			62
98	3105-O	0	31			46
99	4032-T6	16.9	120	137	75	86
100	4032-T651	16.9	120	136	75	86
101	4032-T86	16.9	120	136	75	86
102	4043-H14	7.3	46			60
103	4043-H16	9.7	54			65
104	4043-H18	13.3	77	87		74
105	4043-O	4.2	39			54
106	5005-H12	4.2	38			54
107	5005-H14	6.3	43			58
108	5005-H16	8.3	49			62
109	5005-H18	9.7	54			65
110	5005-H32	3.1	36			52
111	5005-H34	5.3	41			56
112	5005-H36	7.3	46			60
113	5005-H38	10.1	55			66
114	5005-O	0	28			42
115	5042-H19	15	96	108	60	79
116	5050-H32	7.3	46			60
117	5050-H34	9.7	53			65
118	5050-H36	10.6	58			67
119	5050-H38	11.4	63	73		69
120	5050-O	3.1	36			52
121	Sheet 5052-H19	14.3	88	99	54	77
122	5052-H32	11	60	68		68
123	5052-H34	12.2	68	78		71
124	5052-H36	12.9	73	83		73
125	5052-H38	13.3	77	87		74
126	5052-O	7.8	47			61
127	5056-H18	15.9	105	118	66	82
128	Sheet 5056-H191	16.9	120	137	75	86
129	5056-H38	15.3	100	112	63	80
130	5056-O	11.8	65	75		70
131	5082-H19	15.9	106	120	67	82
132	5083-H112	13.7	81	91	50	75
133	5083-H116; 5083-H321	14	85	96	53	76
134	5083-H32; 5083-H323	14.3	87	98	54	77
135	5083-H34; 5083-H343	14.7	93	104	58	78
136	5083-O	13.3	77	87		74
137	5086-H112	12.9	73	83		73
138	5086-H116; 5086-H32	13.3	78	88		74
139	5086-H34	14.3	87	98	54	77
140	5086-O	12.6	70	80		72
141	5154-H112	11.4	63	73		69
142	5154-H32	12.2	67	77		71
143	5154-H34	12.9	73	83		73
144	5154-H36	12.2	67	77		71
145	5154-H38	13.7	80	90	49	75
146	5154-O	10.6	58			67
147	5182-H19	16.2	112	127	70	83
148	5182-H32	14	85	96	53	76
149	5182-H34	14.7	91	102	57	78
150	5182-O	12.9	74	84		73
151	5252-H25; 5252-H38	12.2	68	78		71
152	5252-H28	13.3	75	85		74
153	5252-O	7.3	46			60
154	5254-H112	11.4	63	73		69
155	5254-H32	12.2	67	77		71
156	5254-H34	12.9	73	83		73
157	5254-H36	13.3	78	88		74
158	5254-H38	13.7	80	90	49	75
159	5254-O	10.6	58			67
160	5454-H111; 5454-H311	12.6	70	80		72
161	5454-H112	11.4	62			69
162	5454-H32	12.9	73	83		73
163	5454-H34	13.7	81			75
164	5454-O	11.4	62	72		69
165	5456-H111	14.3	87	98	54	77
166	5456-H112	14	83	94	51	76
167	5456-H116; 5456-H321	14.7	90	101	56	78
168	5456-H24	14.7	90	101	56	78
169	5456-O	14	83	94	51	76
170	5457-H25	8.3	48			62
171	5457-H28; 5457-H38	10.1	55			66
172	5457-O	0	32			47
173	5652-H32	11	60	70		68
174	5652-H34	12.2	68	78		71
175	5652-H36	12.9	73	83		73
176	5652-H38	13.3	77	87		74
177	5652-O	7.8	47			61
178	5657-H25	4.7	40			55
179	5657-H28; 5657-H38	8.8	50			63
180	5657-O	0	28			42
181	6005-T1	7.3	46			60
182	6005-T5	15	95	107	60	79
183	6009-T4	11.4	62	70		69
184	6009-T6	14.7	91	102	57	78
185	6010-T4	13.3	78	88		74
186	6013-T651	17.4	130	149	80	88
187	6013-T8 0.3-1.9cm	17.4	130	149	80	88
188	6013-T8 1.9-3.8cm	17.4	130	149	80	88
189	6013-T8 3.8-8.2cm	17.4	130	149	80	88
190	6020-T651	15	95	107	60	79
191	6020-T8	15.3	100	112	63	80
192	6020-T9	16.9	120	136	75	86
193	6053-O	0	26			40
194	6053-T6	13.7	80	90	49	75
195	6061-O	0	30			45
196	6061-T4; 6061-T451	11.8	65	75		70
197	6061-T6; 6061-T651	15	95	107	60	79
198	6061-T8	16.9	120	136	75	86
199	6061-T91	15.9	108	123	69	82
200	6061-T913	17.2	123	139	76	87
201	6063-O	0	25			38
202	6063-T1	5.8	42			57
203	6063-T4	7.3	46			60
204	6063-T5	11	60	70		68
205	6063-T6	12.9	73	83		73
206	6063-T83	14	82	92	50	76
207	6063-T831	12.6	70	80		72
208	6063-T832	15	95	107	60	79
209	6063-T835	15.9	105	118	66	82
210	6066-O	6.3	43			58
211	6066-T4; 6066-T451	14.7	90	101	56	78
212	6066-T6; 6066-T651	16.9	120	137	75	86
213	6070-O	2.5	35			51
214	6070-T4	14.7	90	101	56	78
215	6070-T6	16.9	120	137	75	86
216	6101-H111	0	26			40
217	6101-T6	12.6	71	81		72
218	6151-T6	15.3	100	112	63	80
219	6201-T6	14.7	90	101	56	78
220	6201-T81	14.3	88	99	55	77
221	6205-T1	11.8	65	75		70
222	6205-T5	15	95	107	60	79
223	6262-T6	12.6	71	81		72
224	6262-T8	15.6	103	116	65	81
225	6262-T9	16.9	120	137	75	86
226	6351-T4; 6351-T451	12.2	67	77		71
227	6351-T54	10.6	58			67
228	6351-T6; 6351-T651	15	95	107	60	79
229	6463-O	0	25			38
230	6463-T1	5.8	42			57
231	6463-T4	7.3	46			60
232	6463-T5	11	60	68		68
233	6463-T6	12.9	74	84		73
234	6951-O	0	28			42
235	6951-T6	14	82	92	50	76
236	7001-O	11	60			68
237	7005-O	9.7	53			65
238	7005-T53	15.9	105	118	66	82
239	7005-T6, 7005-T63	15	94	106	59	79
240	7005-T6351	15	94	106	59	79
241	7005-W	14.7	93	105	50	78
242	7016-T5	15	96	108	60	79
243	7021-T62	16.2	112	127	70	83
244	7029-T5	16.4	115	128	71	84
245	7039-O	11.4	61	69		69
246	7039-T61	17.2	123	140	76	87
247	7039-T64	17.6	133	153	81	89
248	7049-T73; 7049-T7352	17.8	135	155	82	90
249	7050-T73511; 7050-T73510	17.6	132	151	80	89
250	7050-T7451 (7050-T73651)	18	140	162	84	91
251	7072-H12	0	28			42
252	7072-H14	0	32			47
253	7075-O	11	60	68		68
254	7075-T73; 7075-T735x	17.8	135	155	82	90
255	7175-T7351	17.8	135	155	82	90
256	7175-T736;7175-T7365x	18.2	145	169	86	92
257	7178-O	11	60	68		68
258	7475-T7351	17.8	135	155	82	90
259	7475-T761	18	140	162	84	91
260	7475-T7651	18	140	162	84	91
261	8001-H18	9.7	54			65
262	8001-O	0	30			45
263	8081-H112	9.7	53			65
264	8081-H25	6.8	45			59
265	8090-T3	14.7	91	102	57	78
266	8090-T511;+B35 8090-T6511	17.8	137	158	83	90
267	8090-T81	16.7	116	137	73	85
268	8090-T8151	16.9	121	137	75	86
269	8090-T852	17.4	128	146	79	88
270	8090-T8771; 8090-T651	18	138	158	83	91
271	8090-T8x	17.4	130	149	80	88
272	8280-H18	11	59	67		68
273	8280-O	0	31			46
274	Casting alloy 201.0-T6	17.8	135	155	82	90
275	Sand casting 201.0-T7	17.2	125	153	77	87
276	Sand casting 201.0-T4	15	95	107	60	79
277	204.0-T4 Die Casting	16.2	110	124	69	83
278	Sand casting 204.0-T4	16.2	110	124	69	83
279	Sand casting 204.0-T6	15.9	105	118	66	82
280	Sand casting 204.0-T6	17.2	125	143	77	87
281	204.0-T6 Die Casting	15.9	105	118	66	82
282	204.0-T6 Die Casting,	17.2	125	143	77	87
283	208.0-T4 Die Casting	13.3	75	85	45	74
284	208.0-T6 Die Casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
285	208.0-T7 Die Casting	13.7	80	90	49	75
286	Sand casting 208.0-F	10.1	55			66
287	Casting alloy 206.0-T7	16.9	120	137	75	86
288	Casting alloy A206.0-T7	16.9	120	137	75	86
289	Sand casting 222.0-O	13.7	80	90	49	75
290	222.0-T551 Die Casting	16.4	115	130	72	84
291	Sand casting 222.0-T61	16.4	115	130	72	84
292	222.0-T65 Die Casting	18	140	162	84	91
293	Sand casting 242.0-O	12.6	70	80		72
294	242.0-T571 Die Casting	15.9	105	118	66	82
295	Sand casting 242.0-T571	14	85	96	53	76
296	242.0-T61 Die Casting	16.2	110	124	69	83
297	Sand casting 242.0-T61	15.9	105	118	66	82
298	Sand casting 242.0-T77	13.3	75	85		74
299	Sand casting 242.0-T21	12.6	70	80		72
300	Sand casting 295.0-T4	11	60	70		68
301	Sand casting 295.0-T6	13.3	75	85		74
302	Sand casting 295.0-T62	15	95	107	60	79
303	Sand casting 295.0-T7	12.6	70	80		72
304	296.0-T6 Die Casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
305	Casting alloy 296.0-T4	13.3	75	85		74
306	Casting alloy 296.0-T7	13.7	80	90	49	75
307	Die Casting 308.0-F	12.6	70	80		72
308	Die Casting 319.0-F	14	85	96	53	76
309	Sand casting 319.0-F	12.6	70	80		72
310	Sand casting 319.0-T5	13.7	80	90	49	75
311	319.0-T6 Die Casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
312	Sand casting 319.0-T6	13.7	80	90	49	75
313	Sand Casting 328.0-F	11	60	70		68
314	Sand casting 328.0-T6	13.7	80	90	49	75
315	332.0-T5 Die Casting	15.9	105	118	66	82
316	Die Casting 333.0-F	14	83	94	51	76
317	333.0-T5 Die Casting	14.3	88	99	55	77
318	333.0-T6 Die Casting	15.3	100	113	63	80
319	333.0-T7 Die Casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
320	336.0-T551 Die Casting	15.9	105	118	66	82
321	336.0-T65 Die Casting	17.2	125	143	77	87
322	355.0-T51 Die Casting	13.3	75	85		74
323	Sand casting 355.0-T51	11.8	65	75		70
324	355.0-T6 Die Casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
325	Sand casting 355.0-T6	14.3	88	99	55	77
326	355.0-T62 Die Casting	15.9	105	118	66	82
327	355.0-T7 Die Casting	14	85	96	53	76
328	Sand casting 355.0-T7	14	85	96	53	76
329	355.0-T71 Die Casting	13.7	80	90	49	75
330	Sand casting 355.0-T71	13.3	78	88		74
331	Sand casting C355.0-T6	14.7	90	101	56	78
332	C355.0-T61 Die Casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
333	Die Casting 356.0-F	10.1	55			66
334	Sand Casting 356.0-F	10.1	55			66
335	356.0-T51 Die Casting	12.6	70	80		72
336	Sand casting 356.0-T51	11	60	70		68
337	356.0-T6 Die Casting	13.7	80	90	49	75
338	Sand casting 356.0-T6	12.9	73	83		73
339	356.0-T7 Die Casting	13.3	75	85		74
340	Sand casting 356.0-T7	13.3	75	85		74
341	356.0-T71 Die Casting	13.3	75	85		74
342	Sand casting 356.0-T71	11	60	70		68
343	Sand casting A356.0-T6	14.3	88	99	55	77
344	A356.0-T61 Die Casting	14	85	96	53	76
345	357.0-T6 Die Casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
346	A357.0-T61 Die Casting	15.3	100	113	63	80
347	359.0-T61 Die Casting	14.7	90	101	56	78
348	359.0-T62 Die Casting	15.3	100	113	63	80
349	Die Casting Alloy 383.0-F	13.3	75	85		74
350	Die Casting Alloy 384.0-F	14	85	96	53	76
351	Die Casting Alloy A384.0-F	14	85	96	53	76
352	Sand casting A390.0-F	15.3	100	113	63	80
353	Sand casting A390.0-T6	18	140	162	84	91
354	Sand casting A390.0-T7	16.4	115	130	72	84
355	A390.0-F, -T5 Die Casting	16.2	110	124	69	83
356	A390.0-T6 Die Casting	18.2	145	169	86	92
357	A390.0-T7 Die Casting	16.9	120	137	75	86
358	Traditional Die Casting 390.0-F	16.9	120	137	75	86
359	390.0-T5 Traditional Die Casting	17.2	125	143	77	87
360	Double Plunger Die Casting 390.0-F	16.2	110	124	69	83
361	Double Plunger Die Casting 390.0-T5	16.2	110	124	69	83
362	Double Plunger Die Casting 390.0-T7	17.2	125	143	77	87
363	Die Casting 443.0-F	6.8	45			59
364	Sand casting 443.0-F	4.7	40			55
365	B443.0-F Die Casting	6.8	45			59
366	Sand casting B443.0-F	4.7	40			55
367	Sand casting 512.0-F	8.8	50			63
368	513.0-F Die casting	11	60	70		68
369	Sand casting 514.0-F	8.8	50			63
370	Die Casting Alloy 518.0-F	13.7	80	90	49	75
371	Sand casting 520.0-T4	13.3	75	85		74
372	535.0-F or 535.0-T5,	13.3	75	85		74
373	A535.0-F or 535.0-T5,	13.3	75	85		74
374	B535.0-F or 535.0-T5,	13.3	75	85		74
375	Sand casting 705.0-F	11.8	65	75		70
376	705.0-T5 Die Casting	12.6	70	80		72
377	Sand casting 705.0-T5	11.8	65	75		70
378	Sand casting 707.0-T5	14	85	96	53	76
379	707.0-T7 Die Casting	15	95	107	60	79
380	Sand casting 707.0-T7	13.7	80	90	49	75
381	Sand casting 710.0-T5	13.3	75	85		74
382	711.0-T1 Die Casting	12.6	70	80		72
383	Sand casting 712.0-T5	13.3	75	85		74
384	Sand casting 712.0-F	13.3	75	85		74
385	Sand casting 713.0-F	13.3	75	85		74
386	713.0-T5 Die Casting	13.3	75	85		74
387	Sand casting 713.0-T5	13.3	75	85		74
388	Sand casting 771.0-T5	15.3	100	113	63	80
389	Sand casting 771.0-T51	14	85	96	53	76
390	Sand casting 771.0-T52	14	85	96	53	76
391	Sand casting 771.0-T6	14.7	90	101	56	78
392	Sand casting 771.0-T71	16.9	120	137	75	86
393	850.0-T5 Die Casting	6.8	45			59
394	Sand casting 850.0-T5	6.8	45			59
395	851.0-T5 Die Casting	6.8	45			59
396	Sand casting 851.0-T5	6.8	45			59
397	852.0-T5 Die Casting	12.6	70	80		72
398	Sand casting 852.0-T5	11	60	70		68

What elements added to an aluminum alloy can significantly increase its hardness?

Elements such as magnesium, manganese, titanium and rare earth elements (such as lanthanum and yttrium) can be added to an aluminum alloy to increase its hardness. The incorporation of magnesium can notably increase the tensile strength of aluminum; for every 1% increase in magnesium, tensile strength increases approximately 34 MPa.

The introduction of manganese can complement the strengthening effect and also decrease susceptibility to thermal cracking.

Furthermore, the addition of rare earth elements (such as lanthanum and yttrium) can increase the peeling resistance of the oxidation layer. Consequently, the incorporation of these elements can increase the hardness of aluminum alloys by several degrees.

How can the hardness and wear resistance of aluminum alloys be improved through surface treatment methods?

There are several methods that can be employed to increase the hardness and wear resistance of aluminum alloys through surface treatment:

Anodic oxidation treatment: This common method involves the formation of a dense oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy, thereby increasing its hardness and corrosion resistance.

Surface electroplating: By coating a layer of metal (such as tin or copper) on the surface of the aluminum alloy, its hardness and wear resistance can be effectively improved.

Spraying of wear-resistant coatings: A special wear-resistant coating is evenly sprayed on the surface of the aluminum alloy material to form a uniform, dense and hard coating. This method not only improves wear and corrosion resistance, but also improves appearance.

Cold work hardening: This method hardens aluminum alloy at room temperature through cold work, suitable for aluminum alloy materials that need to maintain their original shape.

Heat treatment: For certain specific types of aluminum alloys (such as 6061), their strength and hardness can be improved through aging treatment. This usually involves an aging treatment following the solution treatment.

Direct current magnetron sputtering deposition of amorphous CrAlN coating: This method deposits an amorphous CrAlN coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy, improving its corrosion and wear resistance.

Thermal spraying and high-temperature self-propagating synthesis: These methods can prepare wear-resistant ceramic coatings on the surface of aluminum alloy, significantly improving the wear resistance of aluminum alloy.