Sistema de travagem automática para evitar acidentes rodoviários

Automatic braking system to avoid road accidents

Automatic braking system to avoid road accidents

Goal:

The aim of this project is to design the automatic braking system to avoid the accident.

Pneumatic automatic braking system Pneumatic automatic braking system

Scope:

This design is required to be attached to all vehicles. It is mainly used for driving vehicles at night. Mostly the accident occurred during the night due to long journeys the driver may get tired. Therefore, the driver may hit the front of the vehicle or trees on the side of the road. When using this project the vehicle is stopped by the automatic braking system. This way we can avoid the accident.

Brief Methodology:

Block diagram of automatic braking system for automobiles Block diagram of automatic braking system for automobiles


This project is developed with microcontroller, Ultrasonic Transmitter, Receiver, Signal Conditioning Unit, Analog to Digital Converter, Driver Circuit and Mechanical Arrangement.

The oscillator circuit generates 40KHZ frequency signal. It is transmitted through an ultrasonic transmitter. The ultrasonic receiver is used to receive the wave reflected from the front of the vehicle. Then the reflected wave is sent to a signal conditioning unit in which the received wave is amplified and converted into a square pulse. Then the square pulse is given to the ADC. Depending on the distance, the intensity of the reflected wave varies.

ADC is nothing but an analog to digital converter, which converts the input analog signal into corresponding digital signal. This digital signal is supplied to the microcontroller.

The microcontroller can be Atmel or PIC, both are reprogrammable flash type microcontrollers that we have already programmed on. Then it received the signal from the ADC displayed on the LCD display. This is equal to the distance between the vehicle and the front object. The object can be a vehicle, trees or road barriers. The nearest dangerous distance value is already stored in the microcontroller. When the measured distance reaches this value, the microcontroller automatically activates the relay driver circuit. The relay output is directly connected to the mechanical arrangement. Through this mechanical arrangement, braking is provided and the vehicle is stopped to avoid an accident.

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