1. Installation of supports (suspensions) and protective nets
1.0.1 This chapter applies to the installation of busbar supports (suspension), distribution devices and protective network barriers between electrical equipment.
1.0.2 Bracket (Suspension) Installation Inspection
| Operation | Inspection Items | properties | Quality standards | Inspection methods and instruments | |
| Profiled SteelInspection | Structural Steel Specifications | According to project specifications | Blueprint Project Comparative Review | ||
| Allowable Deviation for Full Length Straightness of Structural Steel | ≤5mm | Dimensional Examination with Ruler | |||
| Appearance of screws and machined surfaces | Smooth, no deformation | Visual inspection | |||
| Bracket installation | Elevation error | ≤5mm | Level instrument check | ||
| Horizontal error | Checking measurement using a ruler | ||||
| Vertical error along the direction | |||||
| Diagonal Bracket Error | |||||
| Fixing Supports (Hangers) | Mainly | Robust and reliable | Lever operation inspection | ||
| Several | To paint | Rust removal | Clean, no rust | Visual examination | Visual examination |
| Application of anti-corrosion paint | Uniform, no lost stitches | Uniform, no lost stitches | |||
| Grounding | Mainly | Solid, with good conductivity | Get involved and conduct the inspection. | ||
1.0.3. Inspection of the installation of the protective mesh
| Process | Inspection Items | properties | Quality standards | Inspection methods and tools | |
| Structural Steel Inspection |
Profile Steel Specifications | According to project specifications | Comparative review with blueprint projects | ||
| Allowed tolerance for straightness of total length of steel profile | ≤5mm | Measurement inspection | |||
| Appearance of screws and machined surfaces | Smooth, no deformation | Visual observation inspection | |||
| Structure Fabrication | Frame welding | Mainly | Robust, appearance and process meet the requirements of welding specifications. | Pull and look for inspection. | |
| Dimensional Shift | ≤5mm | Check with a ruler | |||
| Diagonal error | ≤5mm | ||||
| Frame inequality | ≤5mm | ||||
| Mesh Fence Installation | Mesh Panel Flatness Inspection | No protrusions or depressions. | Inspect with a ruler. | ||
| Mesh Opening Inspection | Robust, uniform and consistent. | Perform a lever check. | |||
| Space between frame and mesh panel | ≤5mm | Inspect with a ruler | |||
| Mesh Fence Vertical Error | Mainly | ≤5mm | |||
| Several | To paint | Mainly | Mainly | Clean, rust free. | Observation and Inspection |
| Application of Anticorrosive Paint | Uniform, without uncoated areas. | ||||
| Grounding | Wire Mesh Grounding | Mainly | Reliably grounded with flexible wiring. | Get involved and conduct the inspection | |
| Structure Grounding | Robust, with excellent conductivity. | ||||
2. Installation of the insulator
2.1 This section applies to the installation of chains of suspension insulators, post insulators, and wall anchors, among others.
2.2 Inspection of the suspension insulator chain installation.
| Process | Inspection Items | properties | Quality standards | Inspection methods and tools |
| Visual inspection | Specifications and Models Check | According to project specifications, | Observation and inspection. | |
| Appearance of ceramic pieces | Mainly | Smooth, intact and without cracks, | ||
| Inspection of ceramic-to-metal adhesive joints | Mainly | Firmly attached, | ||
| Connection hardware and accessories | Complete and undamaged, | |||
| Bungee pin inspection | Suitably elastic, | Lever operation inspection | ||
| Uniform check of the pressure ring and shield | Whole, without deformation, | Visual inspection | ||
| Installation of the insulating rope | Tests before mounting the insulator | Mainly | Qualified, | Inspection Test Report |
| Direction of connecting screws, rivets, spring pins, etc. | Consistent, | Visual inspection | ||
| Coordination between ball head rings, bowl head plates and locking pins | Flexible, no obstruction, | Lever operation inspection | ||
| Checking the anti-loosening measures of the connecting hardware | Mainly | Locknuts tight against loosening, cotter pins open, | Visual inspection | |
| Permissible angle of inclination of the suspension insulator rope (when not designed) | ≤5°, | Visual inspection | ||
| Voltage received by each string when the insulating strings are in parallel | Mainly | Uniform, | ||
| General check before lifting the insulating ropes | Clean, correctly assembled, cup facing up. |
2.0.3 Installation Inspection of Pillar Insulators
| Process | Inspection Items | properties | Quality standards: | Inspection methods and tools |
| Visual inspection | Exterior of ceramic components | Mainly | Smooth, intact and without cracks. | Visual examination |
| Checking ceramic-iron adhesion | Securely adhered, no gaps. | |||
| Isolator installation | Isolator base level error | ≤5mm | Check with a ruler. | |
| Error in the center line of the insulating pillars in the bus branch segment | Mainly | ≤2mm | Check with a ruler. | |
| Vertical Error in Stacked Isolation Pillars | ||||
| Joint thickness between pure ceramic insulator and metal contact surface | Mainly | ≥1.5mm | ||
| Fixing Insulators | Mainly | All screws are in place and securely fastened. | Check with a wrench. | |
| Grounding | Ground wire arrangement | There is a consistent directionality. | Carry out a visual inspection. | |
| Connection to the Grounding Network | Mainly | The structure is robust, with excellent conductivity. | Switch and check continuity. |
2.0.4 Installation and Inspection of Wall Penetrating Sleeves
| Process | Inspection items: | Property | Quality standards: | Inspection methods and tools | ||
| Visual inspection | Appearance of the ceramic piece | Mainly | Smooth, unbroken and free from cracks. | Observation and inspection. | ||
| Ceramic-iron adhesion check | Mainly | Securely fixed, no gaps. | ||||
| Housing installation | Compatibility of reserved hole diameter and bushing insertion part | >5mm | Check with a ruler | |||
| Maximum Thickness of Concrete Installation Plate | ≤50mm | |||||
| Steel Plate for Fixing Bushings 1500A and Higher | It does not form a closed magnetic circuit. | Observation and inspection. | ||||
| Flange Position | Vertical installation | The flange must be oriented upwards. | ||||
| Horizontal installation | The flange must be on the outside. | |||||
| 600A enclosure and above. | End Metal Clamp | Fastening material | Mainly | Non-magnetic materials. | Observation and inspection. | |
| Thickness | ≥3mm | |||||
| Connected to the same bus potential | Mainly | Robust and reliable | Observation and inspection. | |||
| Oil filler housing | Seal inspection | Mainly | Leak-free | No leaksNormal | ||
| Oil level indicator | Mainly | Normal | ||||
| Connection screws | Mainly | Complete and well attached | Inspect with a wrench. | |||
| Unused grounding terminal and voltage extraction terminal | Mainly | Reliable grounding | Turn over and establish grounding. | |||
3. Installation of Rectangular Busbars
3.0.1 This chapter applies to the installation of AC and DC rectangular busbars as well as slotted busbars.
3.0.2 Rectangular Bus Installation Inspection
| Process | Inspection items: | Property | Quality standards | Inspection methods and instruments | ||
| Bus Processing Configuration | Visual inspection | Surface inspection | Smooth, free from cracks and creases | Observation and inspection. | ||
| External Inspection | Flat, devoid of deformations and twists | |||||
| Threaded Surface Machining | Overlap length | Mainly | Complies with GBJ 149-1990 regulations | Check against the standard. Inspect with a ruler. | ||
| Bolt hole layout and specifications | Mainly | |||||
| Center distance error between screw holes | ±0.5mm | Inspect with a ruler. | ||||
| Final appearance of the face | Flat, smooth, without sharp corners and burrs. | Observation and inspection. | ||||
| Flatness of the contact surface | Even and without local depressions. | Measure with a steel ruler. | ||||
| Reduction of the cross-section of the contact surface | Mainly | Copper ≤3%, Aluminum ≤5%. | Inspect with a caliper. | |||
| Bus bending | Minimum permitted bending radius | Mainly | In accordance with GBJ 149-1990 regulations. | Check patterns using a template. | ||
| Minimum distance from the bending point to the edge of the joint | ≥50mm | Inspect with a ruler. | ||||
| Distance from the bend start point to the edge of the bus support | ≥50mm; ≤0.25 distance from pivot. | |||||
| 90° bend twist length in mm | 2.5 to 5 times the bus width | |||||
| Appearance of the folded part | Mainly | No cracks, no noticeable creases. | Observation and inspection. | |||
| Radius of curvature in the same three-phase section | Consistent. | Inspect using a template. | ||||
| Radius of curvature of several buses in the same phase | Consistent. | Observation and inspection. | ||||
| Radius of curvature of branch buses with the same layout | ||||||
| Bus installation | Hardware installation | Hardware Inspection | Clean, no damage. | Observation and inspection. | ||
| Single-phase AC bus hardware connection | Mainly | Safe, without closed magnetic circuit. | ||||
| Appearance of the clamping device | No sharp angles or burrs. | |||||
| Bus installation | Space between busbar and top clamp when busbar is horizontal | 1mm ~ 1.5mm | Inspect with a ruler. | |||
| Distance between top clamp and busbar when busbar is vertical | 1.5mm ~ 2mm | |||||
| Voltage check between bus and support | Mainly | No external stress. | Observation and inspection. | |||
| Gap between layers of multiple bus layers in the same phase | Uniform thickness along the generatrix. | Inspect with a ruler. | ||||
| Busbar Fixing Dead Point on the Insulator | Set one for each segment, either along the entire length or at the midpoints of the two expansion sections. | 观察检查 | ||||
| Bus connection | Distance between the supporter and the edge of the joint | ≥50mm | Inspect with a ruler. | |||
| Connections between buses and between bus terminals and equipment | Mainly | No external stress | Check during connection. | |||
| Overlay surface | Mainly | Smooth, without an oxidation layer, the silver should not be ground or coated with electrically charged grease. | Observation and inspection. | |||
| Terminal Connection and Screw Shape | Appearance | Mainly | No spring pads | |||
| Flat washer | Tin coated copper | Observation and inspection. | ||||
| Lock-nut | Complete and fair | |||||
| Connection screw | Combined with hole diameter | ≤1mm | Inspect with screws | |||
| Screw insertion direction | When the bus is placed horizontally, it goes from the bottom to the top and all the other nuts are on the maintenance side. | Observation and inspection. | ||||
| Appearance of anti-loose component | Complete, intact and flattened. | |||||
| Tightening torque | In accordance with the stipulations of GBJ 149-1990. | Inspect with a torque wrench in accordance with the standard. | ||||
| Exposed length after screw tightening | 2~3 buttons | Observation and inspection. | ||||
| Space between adjacent washers | Mainly | ≥3mm | Observe or inspect with a ruler | |||
| Expansion Joint Installation | No phenomena of streaks, breaks or creases. | Observation and inspection. | ||||
| General inspection | The distance between charged bodies and between charged bodies and other objects. | Mainly | In accordance with GBJ 149-1990 regulations. | Inspect according to the standard using a ruler. | ||
| Combination of colors and painting. | Complete and correct | Observation and inspection. | ||||
4. Installation of Closed Bus Ducts in Shared Boxes
4.0.1 This chapter applies to the installation of closed busbars (rectangular, slot type, reinforced, cable busbar) in shared boxes.
4.0.2 Inspection of installation of closed busbars in shared boxes.
| Process | Inspection Item | Property | Quality standards | Inspection methods and tools | ||
| Shared Bus Inspection | Outer Appearance of the Box | Complete, free from cracks and deformations. | Observation and inspection. | |||
| Conductor | Appearance | Observation and inspection. | Observation and inspection. | |||
| Threaded Interface Inspection | Mainly | Observation and inspection. | ||||
| Cable bus | Mainly | Observation and inspection. | ||||
| Insulator Inspection | Appearance inspection | Observation and inspection. | Observation and inspection. | |||
| Basic connection | Mainly | Screw fixing | Lever inspection | |||
| Insulation Test | Good insulation | Measure with a megohmmeter. | ||||
| Shared bus installation | Interphase distance error. | ≤5mm | ≤5mm | |||
| Conductor expansion joint | Telescopic joint appearance | Mainly | No local fractures | Observation and inspection. | ||
| Threaded interface protective layer | Adequate and Uniform Coating | |||||
| Threaded fastening torque | Mainly | In accordance with GBJ 149-1990 standards | Inspect according to the standard. | |||
| Rectangular bus installation | Mainly | Install according to rectangular busbar guidelines. | In accordance with Rectangular Busbar Installation Guidelines | |||
| Cable bus installation | Mainly | Follow cable routing regulations. | In accordance with Cable Line Guidelines | |||
| Position change required for bus lengths greater than 300m~400m | Mainly | Not less than one cycle or as stipulated by the project. | Not less than one cycle or as per design specifications | |||
| Smooth connection between bus and heavy-duty equipment | The cross-sectional area of the connecting line must not be less than that of the busbar. | Cross-section of the connecting line not less than the cross-section of the bus | ||||
| Shell Interface Set | It must be resistant and well sealed. | Robust and well sealed | ||||
| Shell Expansion Joint | Telescopic joint seal. | Mainly | Good | Observation and inspection. | ||
| The two ends of the telescopic joint are conductively connected. | Good and resistant | Lever operation observation and inspection | ||||
| Chassis grounding | Mainly | Reliable and complete conductivity is good. | Reliable, Excellent Overall Conductivity | |||
5. Six-tube bus installation
5.0.1 This chapter applies to the installation of six-tube busbars for indoor and outdoor high voltage distribution devices.
5.0.2 Installation inspection of six-tube busbars.
| Process Steps | Inspection Items | Property | Quality standards | Inspection methods and instruments | |
| Aluminum Alloy Tubes and Fittings | Aluminum alloy tube surface inspection | Smooth, no cracks | Observation and inspection. | ||
| Aluminum Alloy Tube End | Plane and perpendicular to the axis | Check with a ruler. | |||
| Aluminum alloy tube bending radius | Complies with GBJ 149-1990 regulations | Inspect according to the standard. | |||
| Inspection of metal accessories | Smooth, no damage and no cracks | Observation and inspection. | |||
| Tube Bus Welding | Welding method | Mainly | Argon Arc Welding | Observation and inspection. | |
| Weld seam dimensions | Mainly | In accordance with GBJ 149-1990 regulations, | Inspect according to the standard. | ||
| Bevel processing | Surface treatment within a range of 50mm on both sides | Clean, free from oxidation film, | Clean, free from oxidation film, | Observation and inspection. | |
| Beveled machining surface | No burrs, no flash. | No burrs, no flash. | |||
| Alignment | Bending displacement | ≤0.2% | Check with a ruler. | ||
| Deviation from the center line | ≤0.5mm | ||||
| Casing tube | Longitudinal axis position | Mainly | Located in the center of the weld. | Check with a ruler. | |
| Space between the tube and the generator | ≤0.5mm | ||||
| Weld seam inspection | Weld seam height | 2mm~4mm | Check with a ruler. | ||
| Weld seam appearance | Mainly | Conforms to DL/T 754-2001 specifications | Observation and inspection. | ||
| Tubular bus installation | Hardware Connection | Mainly | No closed magnetic circuit | No closed magnetic circuit. | |
| Hardware fixing | Flat and resistant | Flat and resistant. | |||
| Distance from weld to supporting edge | ≥50mm | Check with a ruler. | |||
| Clearance between bus and slide support shaft seat | 1mm ~ 2mm | ||||
| Expansion joint appearance | Mainly | No cracks, breaks or creases. | Observation and inspection. | ||
| Bus terminal shielding device | The surface is smooth, without burrs or irregularities. | Observation and inspection. | |||
| Three Item Bus Tube Shaft | Parallels to each other. | Observation and inspection. | |||
| Inspection of the equalization ring and shield | Mainly | Complete, undistorted and securely fastened. | |||
| General Inspection | Distance between energized parts and other objects | As stipulated by GBJ 149-1990. | Inspect according to the standard. | ||
| Bus phase color indicator | Complete and correct. | ||||
6. Soft bus installation
6.0.1 This section applies to the installation of flexible distribution device buses and generator set combination wires.
6.0.2 Flexible Busbar Installation Inspection
| Process | Inspection Items | Property | Quality standard | Inspection methods and instruments | |
| Wire and hardware inspection | Yarn appearance | Mainly | There is no breakage, looseness or damage, and the expanded wires should be free from dents and deformations. | Observation and Inspection | |
| Wire cutting section | Clean, without gaps or burrs and perpendicular to the wire axis. | ||||
| Connector model and specifications | Mainly | Matches the connecting wires. | |||
| Connector and fastener appearance | Mainly | Smooth, without cracks, burrs or irregularities. | |||
| Wire contact surface treatment and terminal clamp | Mainly | Clean, without oxide film and coated with electrical compound grease. | |||
| Hydraulic Crimping | Crimp connection with tension clamp and expanded wire | Mainly | The central gap is filled with the corresponding material. | Observation and Inspection | |
| Wire insertion length into clamp | Mainly | Equal to the length of the line clip. | |||
| Inspection of crimping dies and crimping pliers | The specifications match. | ||||
| Overlap length of adjacent crimp sections | ≥5mm | Check with a ruler | |||
| Inspect after crimping | Degree of curvature of the stamped tube | ≤2% | Check with a ruler | ||
| Stamped tube surface | Smooth, without cracks or indentations. | Observation and Inspection | |||
| Appearance of the wire at the end of the tube | Mainly | No bulges or gaps. | |||
| Transverse hexagonal dimension in millimeters | Mainly | The outer diameter of the continuation tube is less than or equal to 0.866D+0.2. | Check with a ruler | ||
| Compression Test Sample Experiment | Mainly | Approved | Inspect test piece experimental report | ||
| Screw connection | The aluminum strip is wound between the conductor and the wire clamp | Consistent with the rotation direction of the aluminum outer wire. | Observation and Inspection | ||
| The exposed length of the aluminum tape clamp | ≤10mm | Check with a ruler | |||
| Aluminum strip door processing | Press back into the clamp. | Observation and Inspection | |||
| Connection screw | Mainly | Ensure even tightening, with the screw revealing two to three threads beyond the nut. | Check with a torque wrench | ||
| Nail Zhang wire clamp leads to the equipment bus arrangement. | Complete, without interruptions. | Observation and Inspection | |||
| Flexible bus installation and general inspection | The arrangement of the busbar within the gear pitch. | untied | Observation and InspectionObservation and Inspection | ||
| The connection configuration of hardware parts. | Complete, safe. | ||||
| Bus sag error. | Mainly | -2.5% ~ +5% (temperature below design) | Observation and Inspection | ||
| The arrow of the three buses in the same step. | Consistent | Observation and Inspection | |||
| The curvature and curvature of branches with the same layout. | |||||
| The distance between lines and frame structure of the jumper and lead lines. | Mainly | As stipulated by GBJ 149-1990. | Inspect according to standards | ||
| Composite Conductor | Fixed wire clamp spacing error | Mainly | ≤±3% | Check with a ruler | |
| Angle of intersection between fixed wire clamp and conductor | 90° | Check with a square ruler | |||
| To finish | Consistent | Observation and Inspection | |||
| The bus is connected to the electrical terminal. | The terminal is intact and free from deformation. | Observation and Inspection | |||
| Adjustable fixture inspection. | The adjusting nut is tight. | Inspect with a wrench | |||
| Identification of the bus phase color. | Complete and correct. | Observation and Inspection | |||
