The history of the development of the punch press:
1. Hand press:
2. Labor Press:
3. Press the power button:
4. Automatic punching press:
The application of punching machine:
Applications: Used for punching, cutting, drawing and compression forming of metallic materials.
Exclusions: Not suitable for manufacturing brittle materials such as cast iron, wood, glass and ceramics, or flammable materials such as magnesium alloys.
Characteristics:
- Best suited for mass production, not ideal for individual productions.
- High processing efficiency and high material utilization rate.
- It must be used with a mold, and each mold can only be used to make one product.
I. Basic knowledge of punching machines
1.1 brief introduction to press function:
★ The essence of the punching machine is to translate the circular movement into a rectilinear movement.
★ Function: Uses a transmission structure to generate appropriate pressure and kinetic energy near the bottom dead center, in combination with a mold, causing the part to undergo plastic deformation and produce the desired final product.
Punching machine classification according to slider movement:
II. Structure
Identification of drilling points:
Crankshaft and eccentric gear
Crankshaft:
★ use when petting <400
★ low cost
Eccentric gear:
★ use when stroke > 400
★ high cost
2.1 Introduction to the structure of C-type press (single point crank)
C frame press component:
A1: Slider component
A2: Balancer
A3: Matrix pad
Drilling rig structure plan:
2.2 C-frame press structure (double crankshaft point):
Teach how to judge crank punch:
- The crankshaft corresponds to the connecting rod -> Outer connecting rod
- The crankshaft corresponds to the guide post -> External guide column (The probability of being seen in the closed crankshaft punch is only 5%!)
2.3 Closed press structure (crankshaft single point):
2.4 Closed press structure (double crankshaft point):
★Integrated body and three divided bodies
- Full body:
— The applicable scale is relatively small, the tonnage is relatively small;
— Tablet generally ≤ 2300 * 1250, tonnage ≤ 260T
- Three divided bodies
— The applicable scale is relatively large, the tonnage is relatively large;
— Tablet generally ≥2500*1400, tonnage ≥300T
Three divided bodies: use 4 reinforcing rods to connect the upper, middle and lower sides into a whole.
Three-body split punch press:
2.5 Closed press structure (single point eccentric gear):
2.6 Closed press structure (double point eccentric gear):
2.7 High-speed punching machine
III. Punch press peripheral equipment
Quick mold change device: including upper clamping die, lower clamping die, die lifter, die arm, hydraulic power units, etc.
4. Punch press safety
For personal safety:
(1) Machine safety design: Equipped with safety devices such as two-hand operation device, emergency stop device, restart prevention device, double solenoid valve and current devices.
(2) Safe Operation: Includes security fences, photoelectric security devices, security plugs and stops, alarms and more.
For machine safety:
(1) Overload protection: If the capacity of the machine is exceeded, an overload protection device will stop to protect the machine.
(2) Relay Thermal Protection: Prevents damage to the motor due to excessive current.
