Guia essencial para peças e funções de matrizes de estampagem

Essential Guide to Stamping Die Parts and Functions

1. Upper and lower support plates, upper and lower cushion feet, upper and lower mold bases:

It is typically constructed of “soft materials” such as A3 and Q235, which provide support for the entire mold and facilitate mold assembly and blanking.

2. Upper and lower formwork:

The upper and lower forms are used to fix the knife edge, block, sub and ejector pin. The lower formwork also houses external positioning, internal positioning, floating guide pin, dual-purpose pin, guide plate and floating block.

The hardness of the bottom formwork should be around HRC58 to 62 to ensure high-quality blanking. A thickness of 25 to 40 mm is typical.

There are two methods for cutting the knife edge. One of them is to cut it directly into the mold. If the knife edge is missing, broken, frayed or has rough edges, it may be difficult to repair the formwork. Another method is to cut the knife edge into a separate block known as the “bottom mold knife edge” and then install it in the bottom formwork.

The height of the lower edge of the mold must coincide with the lower formwork and have a maximum deviation of ± 1-2 mm, with a preferred deviation of ± 0 to 0.05 mm. These deviations can be achieved by grinding or fitting. Many deviations can result in marks on the final product.

3. Upper and lower base plates:

The backing plate is normally made of Cr12.

The thickness of the upper and lower support plates in each die set may vary according to requirements. If there are fewer holes, the backing plates can be thinner by 8 to 10 mm. On the other hand, if there are more holes, they should be thicker, usually around 17 to 20 mm.

The bottom support plate mainly features blind holes, spring holes, screw holes and guide pillar holes.

4. Upper and lower fixing plates:

The upper and lower clamping plates are mainly used to fix the terrace die, plunger chip and guide pillar, with a typical thickness of 17-20mm. The hardness of the clamping plate material in a stamping die does not need to be extremely high. Soft materials may be used, but they should not be too soft as this may cause the punch suspended table to pull into the clamping plate, resulting in damage.

When designing a stamping die, various factors such as die structure, material selection, selected punch tonnage and sealing gap size must be taken into consideration to minimize burr of the processed part and extend the service life of the matrix. .

5. Limiting plate and extractor plate:

stop plate

Cr12 can be used for the stop plate, but harder materials like Cr12MoV should be used for the stripper plate. The limit plate and extractor plate are connected using M6 or M8 screws. The stripping plate mainly features through holes, such as through holes and through-hole guide posts.

Peeler plate

The stripping plate performs the functions of stripping, pressing and punch orientation.

Typically, the remover is used to guide the terrace die, plunger chip and guide pillar.

In the production of aluminum materials, the stripping plate must be used to guide the piston chip due to the tendency of aluminum chips to jump into the plate and cause damage to the punch. This can result in roughness in the punch, blockages, breakages and even removal of the stripper plate.

To avoid this, one side of the removal plate can be enlarged by 10 to 20 pieces or the plate can be divided into two sections. The upper section is used for guiding and the lower section is used for single-sided amplification into 10-20 strips.

The thickness of the stripping plate is normally 8 to 17 mm and depends on the number of holes and the force to which it will be subjected.

The stripping plate is generally 20-25mm thick.

6. Die, Punch

Also called a punch or knife, this tool is used to punch, cut, pierce, and stretch excess materials.

Examples of its uses include stretching punches, bending punches, slide inserts, salad punches, collision punches, budding punches, and riveting punches for riveting dies.

Materials for dies and punches must have high hardness. Commonly used materials for dies and punches include Cr12Mo1V1, Cr12MoV, Skd-51, Skd-11 and W6Mo5Cr4V2 (tungsten steel).

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