Eixo do freio de imprensa explicado (3, 4, 6 8 eixos)

Press Brake Axis Explained (3, 4, 6 8 Axis)

May 26, 2024 Roberto Magalhães

Understanding the Axis

In the world of press brakes, understanding the various axes involved in machine operation is crucial to efficiency and accuracy. Each axis has a specific purpose and is named by a letter or number, such as X, R, V, Y1, Y2, Z1 and Z2.

To effectively use a press brake, operators need to have a clear understanding of the functions and functions of these axes.

The X Axis is responsible for the movement of the rear meter, mainly for its horizontal positioning. This axis ensures that the part is aligned correctly and contributes to the overall accuracy of the bending process. X-axis adjustment allows the operator to control bend length and position the workpiece for consistent, accurate bends.

Meanwhile, R Axis refers to the vertical movement of the back gauge. By adjusting the R-axis, operators can control bend height, allowing variation in part thickness or desired bend angle. This axis is essential for managing bending depth and creating consistent, accurate and repeatable results.

The V-Axis is associated with the die opening, which is crucial in determining the appropriate bending force. By adjusting the V-axis and selecting the correct die width, the press brake can exert the appropriate force on the workpiece, ensuring clean, precise bends and minimizing the risk of damage or imperfections.

Axes Y1 and Y2 control the lowering of the upper beam of the press brake during the bending process. The Y1 and Y2 axes work independently of each other, allowing a more refined and synchronized operation that guarantees precision and repeatability in bending. By adjusting the Y1 and Y2 axes, operators can achieve desired bending angles and maintain consistency across multiple bends.

Lastly, the Z1 and Z2 Axes manage the horizontal movement of the rear gauge fingers on both sides of the machine. This allows for better control and flexibility when positioning the workpiece, allowing operators to account for different bend lengths and workpiece sizes. Adjustment of the Z1 and Z2 axes ensures the part is precisely positioned for each bend, contributing to overall accuracy and efficiency.

By understanding the functions and functions of these axes, operators can not only improve their efficiency, but also significantly increase the quality and consistency of the bends they produce using a press brake. With proper knowledge and adjustment of these axes, the operation of the press brake becomes a more precise and controlled process.

What is pressure brake shaft?

The press brake axis can be simply defined as the movement and functional components controlled by the controller in the press brake machine. It is often referred to as press brake shaft for short.

In general, the axis of the press brake is named according to the position where the spatial position of each axis of the machine conforms to the coordinate system.

However, some other movements and functional components are named according to conventional usage or customary international standards.

A CNC press brake machine is typically equipped with multiple axes, which are configured according to the user's part process requirements.

Types of press brake shaft

The functions defined by each axis of the press brake are as follows:

X-axis: Backstop semi-closed circuit mechanical movement axis. If equipped with X1 axis, this is the left stop finger control axis.
X1 and X2 axis: Control the forward and backward movement of the stop finger.
Y axis: Control the vertical movement of the cylinder rod at the left and right ends of the ram.
Y1 axis: Control the vertical movement of the cylinder rod at the left end of the ram.
Y2 axis: Control the vertical movement of the cylinder rod at the right end of the ram.
R, R1, R2 axis: Control the up and down movement of the index finger.
Z, Z1 and Z2 axis: Control the left and right movement of the index finger.
V axis: Control the vertical movement of the convex compensation cylinder rod of the lower cross beam.

There are several types of shafts in a CNC press brake:

Y1 and Y2 axis: control the up and down movement of the ram.
V axis: controls the machine deflection compensation value.
X, R, Z1, Z2,
T1 and T2 axis: servo-follower material support, which supports the processed sheet together with the bending plate during bending to ensure that the processed sheet does not move or deform.

Among the axes mentioned above, Y1, Y2 and V are required for each CNC press brake, while the back gauge and servo follower material support axes can be optionally selected by users according to the needs of the processed parts.

When selecting the back gauge, it should be noted that the X' axis cannot be selected alone and must be used in conjunction with the Z1 and Z2 axes to have practical significance.

The V axis is the deflection compensation axis and there are currently two implementation methods:

One is position control, which provides an equal amount of anti-deformation at the corresponding point based on the deformation curve of the work table during bending to compensate for the elastic deflection deformation of the machine tool during bending load;

The other is pressure control, which adjusts the pressure of various deflection compensation cylinders according to the bending force, so that resistance to bending force is generated at various points on the work table support plate to prevent deformation by deflection.

As far as the actual deflection strain curve is concerned, the first method is superior and can achieve higher bending accuracy.

The accuracy of the Y1, Y2 and V axes plays an important role in the angle and straightness of the processed parts. It is important to note that for thin sheets (less than 3 mm), the quality of the sheet itself, such as the size of the thickness errors, the uniformity of the material and the direction of the rolling texture, directly determines the accuracy of the bent parts!

What does 3+1, 4+1, 6+1, 8+1 Axis mean?

First of all, it is essential to note that the “+1” axis refers to the crown axis of the press brake, which is the V axis. The Y1 and Y2 axes control the up and down movement of the left and right oil cylinders. right separately.

Therefore, it is easy to understand the 3+1, 4+1, 6+1 and 8+1 axes, and their details are as follows:

Axis 3+1: Y1, Y2, X, +V

Y1-The Y1 axis refers to the vertical movement of the left side of the upper die relative to the work surface. This axis is responsible for controlling the height of the left side of the top die as it moves up and down.

Y2-The Y2 axis refers to the vertical movement of the right side of the upper die relative to the work surface. This axis is responsible for controlling the height of the right side of the upper die as it moves up and down.

XThe X axis refers to the horizontal movement of the back gauge relative to the center of the bottom die. The X-axis controls the position of the back gauge as it approaches and moves away from the bottom die.

The V axis controls the vertical movement of the lower die relative to the work surface. This axis controls the height of the lower die as it moves up and down.

Axis 4+1: Y1, Y2, X, R, +V

X The X axis refers to the horizontal movement of the back gauge relative to the center of the bottom die. The X-axis controls the position of the back gauge as it approaches and moves away from the bottom die.

R axis refers to the vertical movement of the back gauge relative to the bottom surface of the die. The R axis controls the height of the back gauge as it moves up and down.

The V axis controls the vertical movement of the lower die relative to the work surface. This axis controls the height of the lower die as it moves up and down.

Axis 6+1: Y1, Y2, X, R, Z1, Z2, +V

The R axis refers to the vertical movement of the back gauge relative to the bottom surface of the die. The R axis controls the height of the back gauge as it moves up and down.

Z1-The Z1 axis controls the movement of the left side of the back gauge from left to right.

Z2-The Z2 axis controls the movement of the right side of the rear meter from right to left.

The V axis controls the vertical movement of the lower die relative to the work surface. This axis controls the height of the lower die as it moves up and down.

Axis 8+1: Y1, Y2, X1, X2, R1, R2, Z1, Z2, +V

X1-The X1 axis refers to the horizontal movement of the left side of the back gauge away from the lower die. This axis controls the distance between the back gauge and the lower die.

X2-The X1 axis refers to the horizontal movement of the right side of the rear gauge away from the lower die. This axis controls the distance between the back gauge and the lower die.

R1-The R1 axis refers to the vertical movement of the left rear gauge relative to the bottom surface of the die. This axis controls the height of the rear gauge as it rises.

R2-The R2 axis refers to the vertical movement of the right rear gauge relative to the bottom surface of the die. This axis controls the height of the rear gauge as it descends.

Z1-The Z1 axis controls the movement of the left side of the back gauge from left to right.

Z2-The Z2 axis controls the movement of the right side of the rear meter from right to left.

The V axis controls the vertical movement of the lower die relative to the work surface. This axis controls the height of the lower die as it moves up and down.