7 tipos de peças fundidas de ferro que você deve conhecer

7 Types of Iron Castings You Should Know

What is cast iron?

Iron castings are articles made by casting cast iron. However, due to various factors such as impurities, defects such as pores, holes, slag inclusions, cracks and pits are common occurrences.

Types of cast iron

1. Gray iron foundries

The casting performance of this material is similar to that of gray cast iron. However, there are some disadvantages. Firstly, the crystallization range is large, which means that cavity contraction is more likely to occur. Secondly, it has poor liquidity.

Furthermore, it performs poorly at high temperatures and tends to become brittle. Lastly, the strength of the material decreases significantly as the cross section increases. On the positive side, it has good wear resistance.

In terms of application, it is important to emphasize that the wall thickness should not be too large. If there are protruding parts on the parts, they must be reinforced with thin reinforcing ribs to prevent hot cracking. Furthermore, it is advisable to avoid overly complicated shapes.

6. Tin-free bronze and brass parts

This material exhibits significant shrinkage, a narrow crystallization range, and is prone to producing concentrated shrinkage holes. However, it has good liquidity and demonstrates excellent resistance to wear and corrosion.

This material can be applied in a similar way to steel castings.

7. Aluminum alloy parts

The casting property is similar to that of cast steel, but the strength decreases more significantly with increasing wall thickness. Therefore, it is recommended that the wall thickness is not too large. Furthermore, this also applies to other similar steel castings.

What are the factors that affect the quality of iron castings?

1. The cast iron design process.

During the design process, it is essential to determine the geometry and size of the cast iron based on working conditions and metallic material properties. However, it is also important to consider the rationality of the design from the point of view of the cast alloy and the characteristics of the casting process. This includes taking into account the obvious effect of size, solidification, shrinkage, stress and other potential problems to avoid or minimize the occurrence of compositional segregation, warping, cracking and other defects in cast iron.

2. There must be a reasonable casting process.

According to the structure, weight and size of cast iron, as well as the characteristics of the cast alloy and production conditions, it is important to select the appropriate parting surface, molding method and core manufacturing method. Furthermore, setting the casting ribs, cold iron, riser and sluice system reasonably is crucial to ensure the quality of the final product.

3. The quality of raw materials for casting.

The use of low-quality materials, including metal filler, refractory, fuel, flux, modifier, foundry sand, molding sand binder, coating and other materials, may result in defects such as porosity, holes, slag inclusions and adhesion of sand. cast iron. These defects affect not only the appearance but also the internal quality of the cast iron. In severe cases, the cast iron may need to be discarded.

4. Process operation.

It is essential to develop appropriate procedures for process operations, improve the technical proficiency of workers, and ensure the accurate execution of these procedures.

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