Q235 Steel (Q235A Q235B Q235C Q235D)
Q235 steel is a single carbon structural steel widely used in China. Q235 material in Chinese standard GB/T 700 is divided into 4 quality grades: Q235A, Q235B, Q235C and Q235D ; The density of this steel is 7.85 g/cm3 (0.284 lb/in3), the tensile strength is 370-500 MPa (54-73 ksi); the yield point is 235 MPa (34 ksi) for steel bar diameter or plate thickness ≤ 16 mm. Because it is carbon steel, the material is commonly used directly, without heat treatment. Q235 material has moderate strength; In case of higher strength requirements, Q275 or high-strength low-alloy structural steel Q355 (formerly Q345) can be selected.
Meaning and Designation
“Q” is the first letter of the Chinese spelling of “Qufu dian”, which means Yield Point.
“235” refers to the minimum yield strength of 235 MPa tested with steel bar diameter or plate thickness ≤ 16 mm.
A, B, C and D represent quality grades.
Features and applications
Q235 steel has good plasticity, toughness and weldability, as well as moderate strength and good cold bending performance. Q235 material is commonly rolled into wire rod or round steel, square steel, flat steel, angle steel, I-beam, channel steel, other sections and steel plates. These products are widely used in the construction and engineering of welded structures, the manufacture of steel bars, or the construction of factory buildings, high-voltage transmission towers, bridges, vehicles, boilers, containers, etc., and also used as mechanical parts with less demanding performance, such as less stressed rods, connecting rods, screws, nuts, ferrules, brackets and brackets, etc.
Properties of Q235 Steel (Data Sheet and Specifications)
The following tables show the properties, data sheet and specifications of Q235 steel, including Q235A, Q235B, Q235C and Q235D steel, including chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties, etc.
Chemical Composition of Steel Q235A, Q235B, Q235C, Q235D
The table below lists the chemical composition of Q235 material based on thermal analysis.
| Chemical composition (heat analysis),%, ≤ | |||||||
| Steel Grade | Quality grade | W | Yes | Mn | P | s | Deoxidation method |
| Q235 | Q235A | 0.22 | 0.35 | 1.40 | 0.045 | 0.050 | Rimmed / Dead |
| Q235B | 0.20 | 0.35 | 1.40 | 0.045 | 0.045 | Rimmed / Dead | |
| Q235C | 0.17 | 0.35 | 1.40 | 0.040 | 0.040 | Dead | |
| Q235D | 0.17 | 0.35 | 1.40 | 0.035 | 0.035 | Exceptionally dead | |
Note: The carbon C content of Q235B can be ≤0.22% by agreement.
Physical properties
Grades:
- 10 -6 ·K -1 = 10 -6 /K
- 1Ω mm²/m = 1 μΩ m
- 1 g/cm3 = 1 kg/dm3 = 1000 kg/m3
- 1 GPa = 1kN/mm2
- 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2
| Physical properties | |
| Density, g/cm3 (lb/in3) | 7.85 (0.284) |
| Melting point, °C (°F) | 1450-1530 (2640-2800) |
| Specific heat capacity, J/(Kg·K) | 470 to 20°C (68°F) |
| Electrical resistivity, μΩ·m | about 0.15 (20°C) |
| Elastic modulus, GPa (ksi) | 200 (29 x 10 3 ) |
| Thermal conductivity, (W/m·K) | 53-49 (0-100°C) |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion, (10 -6 /K) | 11.3-11.6 at 20-100°C (68-212°F) |
| Young's Modulus, GPa (ksi) | 200 (29 x 10 3 ) |
| Poisson's ratio | 0.24-0.28 |
Mechanical properties
Yield strength and tensile strength are listed in the table below.
1 MPa = 1 N/mm2
| Yield strength (MPa, ≥) ; Thickness or Diameter. (d) millimeters | Tensile strength (MPa) | ||||||
| Steel Grade | Quality | d≤16 | 16< d ≤40 | 40< d ≤100 | 100< d ≤150 | 150< d ≤200 | d≤100 |
| Q235 | Q235A | 235 | 225 | 215 | 195 | 185 | 370-500 |
| Q235B | |||||||
| Q235C | |||||||
| Q235D | |||||||
Minimal Stretch
| Elongation (≥%) ; Thickness or Diameter. (d) millimeters | |||||
| Steel Grade | d≤40 | 40< d ≤60 | 60< d ≤100 | 100< d ≤150 | 150< d ≤200 |
| Q235 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 22 | 21 |
Minimal Charpy Impact
| Charpy impact (V-notch) | |||
| Steel Grade | Quality | Temperature. °C | Impact energy (longitudinal, ≥ J) |
| Q235 | Q235A | – | – |
| Q235B | +20 | 27 | |
| Q235C | 0 | ||
| Q235D | -20 | ||
Bending test results of Q235 material
| Cold bending test 180° (B=2a) | |||
| Note | Sample Guidance | Steel diameter. (d) from the Center of the Curve | |
| d≤ 60 mm | 60 |
||
| Q235 | Vertical | The | 2a |
| Horizontal | 1.5a | 2.5a | |
B= Width of the Sample Steel; a= Sample Diameter or Thickness.
Steel laminated with edge steel of grade Q195 and Q235B, the thickness or diameter of which is not more than 25 mm.
Equivalent material of Q235 steel
Equivalent Q235 steel ASTM, European EN (German DIN EN, British BS EN, French NF EN…), Australian AS/NZS, Japanese JIS and Indian standard are listed in the table below.
| Q235 Steel Equivalent Grades | |||||||||||||||
| Chinese | USA | European Union | Great Britain (United Kingdom) | Australian | Japan | Indian | ISO | ||||||||
| Standard | Note | Standard | Note | Standard | Class (Steel Number) | Standard | Class (Steel Number) | Standard | Note | Standard | Note | Standard | Note | Standard | Note |
| GB/T 700 | Q235A | BS 970 Prat 1 | 080A15 | JISG 3101; JIS G 3106 |
SS400; SM400A | It's 2062 | E250A | ||||||||
| GB/T 700 | Q235B | ASTM A36; ASTM A283/A283M |
A36; Grade D |
EN 10025-2 | S235JR (1.0038) | EN 10025-2 | S235JR (1.0038) |
AS/NZS 3678 | 250 | JIS G3101; JIS G3106 |
SS400; SM400A | It's 2062 | E250B | ||
| GB/T 700 | Q235C | ASTM A36; ASTM A283/A283M; ASTM A573/A573M |
A36; Grade D; 58th series |
EN 10025-2 | S235J0 (1.0114) | EN 10025-2 | S235J0 (1.0114) | AS/NZS 3678 | 250L0 | JIS G3106 | SM400A, SM400B |
IS2062 | E250C | ISO 630-2 | S235B |
| GB/T 700 | Q235D | ASTM A36; ASTM A283M |
A36; Grade D |
EN 10025-2 | S235J0 (1.0114); S235J2 (1.0117) | EN 10025-2 | S235J0 (1.0114); S235J2 (1.0117) | AS/NZS 3678 | 250L20 | JIS G3106 | SM400A | IS2062 | E250C | ISO630-2 | S235B, S235C |
Observation:
- S235JRG2 and S235J2G4 are old designations in EN 10025:1993, S235JRG2 is replaced by the new designation S235JR (1.0038) and S235J2G4 replaced by S235J2 (1.0117) in EN 10025-2 since 2004.
- The Australian equivalent of Q235 material is grade 250 in the AS/NZS-3678 standard; The Indian equivalent is the E250 in the IS-2062 standard.
Related articles:
- Q235 vs A36, SS400, S235JR and E250 steel ;
- Q235 vs Q195, Q215 and Q275 Steel
Tags: Q235A steel, Q235B steel, Q235C steel, Q235D steel
1 comment
Bom dia !!!!
Caros senhores estou procurando chapa de aço Q235A espessura de 20mm, vocês tem ????