Material S235JR | 1.0038 Steel Equivalent, Properties, Composition

February 5, 2024 Luciano Bertene

Material S235JR (steel 1.0038) in EN 10025-2

S235JR material, also known as 1.0038 steel, is a type of non-alloy structural steel defined in the European standard EN 10025-2. It is part of the S series of steel grades, which includes several grades with different minimum yield strengths, such as S275, S355, etc. It has good plasticity, toughness and weldability, moderate strength and good cold bending properties. This type is also often referred to as “carbon steel” or “mild steel” and is widely used in a variety of construction and engineering applications.

Meaning of material S235JR (designation) :

“S” means Structural;
“235” represents the minimum yield point in MPa (Megapascal) for steel thickness ≤ 16mm;
“JR” indicates the degree of quality relative to the energy value of the Charpy impact test ≥ 27 J at room temperature (20 °C);
“C” indicates that the material is suitable for cold flanging, cold bending, cold forming or cold drawing, for example, S235JRC (1.0122).
1.0038 is the steel number designation.

The general delivery conditions for S235JR steel are as follows:

+AR means “As-Rolled” and delivery condition without special lamination and/or heat treatment.
+N is the abbreviation for “Normalized or normalized formed”
+M stands for “Mechanical Thermal Control Processing – TMCP”
+C is “hardened by cold work”
+A indicates that the material is in the soft annealed condition.
+AT means the steel is in solution annealed condition.
More designation and meaning of European steel names

Example 1: When the delivery condition is rolled or standard, the steel name is given as S235JR+AR (1.0038+AR) or S235JR+N (1.0038+N).

Example 2: Steel S235JRC means the material is suitable for cold flanging, cold bending, cold forming or cold drawing.

Example 3: If S235JRC steel is delivered in cold work hardened condition, it will be called S235JRC+C (1.0122+C).

Material Data Sheet and Specifications 1.0038

The following tables and lists show the datasheet and specifications of S235JR, including chemical composition, mechanical properties and physical properties, etc.

Chemical Composition of Material S235JR (Steel EN 1.0038)

The following table shows the chemical composition of (1.0038) S235JR based on pan analysis.

Chemical Composition (Pot Analysis) %, ≤
Standard	Material	Steel grade (steel number)	W	Yes	Mn	P	s	Ass	N
EN 10025-2	S235	S235JR (1.0038)	0.17	–	1.40	0.035	0.035	0.55	0.012
		S235J0 (1.0114)	0.17	–	1.40	0.030	0.030	0.55	0.012
		S235J2 (1.0117)	0.17	–	1.40	0.025	0.025	0.55	–

Physical properties of S235JR steel

Material density: 7.85g/cm3 (0.284 lb/in3)
Melting Point: 1420-1460°C (2590-2660°F)
Electrical Conductivity: 0.141 × 10^6 S/m (at 20°C)
Modulus of Elasticity (Modulus of Elasticity): 210 GPa (30500 ksi)
Poisson's Ratio: 0.3
Shear modulus: 80 GPa (11600 ksi)
Specific thermal capacity: 0.46 – 0.48 J/g-°C (50.0 – 100 °C); 0.11 – 0.115 BTU/lb-°F (122 – 212°F)

Mechanical Properties of Steel S235JR (Material 1.0038)

Yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and Charpy impact test are listed in the following data sheet.

Material EN 1.0038 Brinell hardness: ≤120 HBW
Charpy impact value: ≥ 27J, at room temperature 20 °C.

Yield Strength

Yield resistance (≥ N/mm2); Dia. (d) millimeters
Steel Series	Steel grade (material number)	d≤16	16< d ≤40	40< d ≤100	100< d ≤150	150< d ≤200	200< d ≤250
S235	S235JR (1.0038)	235	225	215	195	185	175

Tensile strength

Tensile strength (≥ N/mm2)
Steel Series	Steel grade (material number)	d<3	3 ≤ d ≤ 100	100 < d ≤ 150	150 < d ≤ 250
S235	S235JR (1.0038)	360-510	360-510	350-500	340-490

1MPa = 1N/mm2

Stretching

Stretching (≥%); Thickness (d) mm
Steel Series	Steel Grade	3≤d≤40	40< d ≤63	63< d ≤100	100 < d ≤ 150	150 < d ≤ 250
S235	S235JR	26	25	24	22	21

Welding

S235JR material is generally considered weldable using conventional welding methods. Common welding techniques such as arc welding, MIG welding and TIG welding can be used to join S235JR steel. Preheating and post-weld heat treatment may be necessary depending on the thickness of the material and the welding process used.

Corrosion resistance

S235JR is not a corrosion-resistant steel, so it may require protective coatings or other measures to prevent corrosion in harsh environments.

Applications/Uses

S235JR steel is commonly used in various structural and construction applications, including buildings, bridges, boilers, transmission towers, steel structures, shopping malls, machinery and vehicle chassis, etc.
It is suitable for manufacturing components that require good weldability and moderate strength.
The material is often used for structural and general engineering purposes due to its affordability and ease of processing.
EN 1.0038 material can be made into many steel products, such as H beam, I beam, channel steel, steel plate, angle steel, steel pipe, wire rod and nails, etc.

Equivalence

EN 1.0038 material S235JRG2 or equivalent steel S235JR US ASTM AISI SAE, European EN (German DIN, British BSI, France NF…), ISO, Japanese JIS, Chinese GB and Indian standard. (For reference)

EN 1.0038, equivalent steel grade S235JR

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Steel name (steel number)

Standard

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