ASTM SAE AISI 1080 High Carbon Steel
ASTM SAE AISI 1080 steel is a high carbon steel with a carbon content of 0.75-0.88%. This article summarizes the chemical composition of 1080 carbon steel, physical properties, mechanical properties, heat treatment and applications, etc.
Datasheet and specification
The following tables summarize the ASTM SAE AISI 1080 steel data sheet, including chemical composition, physical properties, mechanical properties and heat treatment.
Chemical composition
The table below lists the chemical composition of 1080 steel based on thermal analysis.
| Chemical Composition of AISI 1080 (%) | ||||||
| ASTM | UN | Steel Grade | W | Mn | P(≤) | S (≤) |
| ASTM A29/A29M | UNS G10800 | 1080 | 0.75-0.88 | 0.60-0.90 | 0.040 | 0.050 |
Properties of 1080 steel
The properties of AISI 1080 steel are given in the data sheet below, including physical properties and mechanical properties.
Mechanical properties
1,080 mechanical properties under different conditions are summarized in the data sheet below.
1080 properties of steel – 1
| AISI ASTM 1080 mechanical properties under heat treatment or cold working conditions | |||||||
| Steel (UNS) | Tensile strength, MPa (ksi) | Yield strength, MPa (ksi) | Elongation by 50 mm, % | Area reduction, % | Hardness (HB) | Processing, condition or treatment | Sample size, mm (in.) |
| 1080 (UNS G10800) | 770 (112) | 425 (61.5) | 10 | 25 | 229 | Hot rolled | 19-31.8 (0.75-1.25 in.) |
| 675 (98) | 515 (75) | 10 | 40 | 192 | Spheroid annealed, cold drawn | ||
1080 properties of steel – 2
| Mechanical properties of AISI 1080 in hot rolled, normalized and annealed condition | |||||||||||
| UN | Steel | Tensile strength, MPa (ksi) | Yield strength, MPa (ksi) | Elongation by 50.8 mm (2 in.), % | Area reduction, % | Hardness (HB) | Processing, condition or treatment | Austenitizing temperature, °C (°F) | Quenching agent | Impact resistance Izod, J, (ft·lbf) | Sample size |
| UNS G10800 | 1080 | 965 (140.0) | 586 (85.0) | 12 | 17 | 293 | How it happened | – | Oil | 7 (5) | 12.8 mm (0.505 in.) machined to 25.4 mm (1 in.) circles. |
| 1013 (147.0) | 524 (76.0) | 11 | 20.6 | 293 | Standardized | 900 (1650) | Oil | ||||
| 615 (89.3) | 376 (54.5) | 24.7 | 45 | 174 | Annealed | 790 (1450) | Oil | ||||
Properties of 1080 steel 3 (hardness), Effect of mass on the hardness of normalized 1080 steel bar.
| Note | Normalizing temperature °C (°F) | Diameter, mm (in.) | Brinell Hardness, HB |
| 1080 | 900 (1650) | 13 (0.5) | 293 |
| 25.4 (1) | 293 | ||
| 50.8 (2) | 285 | ||
| 100 (4) | 269 |
Typical hardness of 1080 carbon steel after tempering
| Note | After tempering for 2 h °C (°F) | Heat treatment | Rockwell hardness C, HRC |
| 1080 | 205 (400) | Normalized to 885°C (1625°F), water quenched to 800-815°C (1475-1550°F); average dew point at 7°C (45°F) | 57 |
| 260 (500) | 55 | ||
| 315 (600) | 50 | ||
| 370 (700) | 43 | ||
| 425 (800) | 41 | ||
| 480 (900) | 40 | ||
| 540 (1000) | 39 | ||
| 595 (1100) | 38 | ||
| 650 (1200) | 32 |
Physical properties
Physical Properties of Steel 1080 -5
| AISI SAE 1080 linear thermal expansion coefficients | ||
| μm/m·K (10-6/K) | Temperature, °C (°F) | Treatment or condition |
| 11.0 | 20-100 (68-212) | Annealed |
| 11.6 | 20-200 (68-392) | |
| 12.4 | 20-300 (68-572) | |
| 13.2 | 20-400 (68-752) | |
| 13.8 | 20-500 (68-932) | |
| 14.2 | 20-600 (68-1112) | |
| 14.7 | 20-700 (68-1292) | |
| Thermal conductivity of material 1080 | |
| Value (W/m·K) | Temperature, °C (°F) |
| 50.5 | 0 (32) |
| 46.8 | 200 (392) |
| Specific heat of AISI 1080 carbon steel | |
| Value (J/Kg·K) | Temperature, °C (°F) |
| 486 | 50-100 (122-212) |
| 519 | 150-200 (302-392) |
| 599 | 350-400 (662-752) |
| Electrical Resistivity of Carbon Steel AISI SAE 1080 | |
| Value (μΩ·m) | Temperature, °C (°F) |
| 0.18 | 20 (68) |
1080 Steel Heat Treatment
The heat treatment of AISI 1080 steel includes normalizing, annealing, austenitizing and hardening, etc.
Normalizing
The typical normalizing temperature for 1080 carbon steel is 830°C (1525°F).
Complete Annealing
The full annealing temperature for 1080 steel is 790-845°C (1450-1550°F).
For small 1080 steel forgings: cool cycle from 790°C (1450°F) to 650°C (1200°F) at a rate of 28°C/h (50°F/h) in the oven at Full range annealing. (For section thickness ≤ 75 mm, the full annealing temperature is at least 1 hour for thickness ≤ 25.4 mm, 0.5 hour is added for each additional thickness of 25.4 mm)
Austenitization
The austenitizing temperature for direct hardening is 790-815°C (1450-1500°F).
Hardening
Heat to 815°C (1500°F). The quenching medium is water or brine. Oil quenching is used when the section thickness is less than 6.35 mm (0.25 in). Rockwell C hardness after quenching is about 65 HRC. Hardness can be reduced by appropriate tempering.
Forging
Typical forging temperature is 1205°C (2200°F).
Machinability
The machinability rating of 1080 non-resulfurized carbon steel bar is 45% in spheroid annealed and cold drawn condition, based on the machinability of cold drawn 1212 steel as 100%.
Forms
Such as impact tools, ring rolling tools, springs, wearing parts, hand tools and agricultural implements.
High Carbon Steel Equivalent Grade 1080
ASTM AISI SAE 1080 steel equivalent to European EN standards (German DIN EN, British BS EN, French NF EN…), Chinese GB standards, ISO and Japanese JIS standards.
| Material equivalent to AISI 1080 | |||||||||
| USA | Germany | China | Japan | ISO | |||||
| Standard | Note (UNS) | Standard | Class (Steel Number) | Standard | Note | Standard | Note | Standard | Note |
| AISI, SAE; ASTM A29/A29M | 1080 (UNS G10800) | GB/T 699 | 80 steel | ||||||
