I. Introducción a la viga H de la serie W estándar estadounidense
La viga H estándar estadounidense cumple con el estándar ASTM, con tres grados de calidad principales: A36, A572 y A992.
Por ejemplo, los materiales A36 y A572 representan acero estructural al carbono, mientras que A992 es un acero de baja aleación.
La viga H estándar estadounidense es un perfil de alto rendimiento con un área de sección transversal optimizada y una relación resistencia-peso más razonable, llamada así por su sección transversal en forma de H.
Debido a su disposición en ángulo recto en todas las partes, la viga H presenta una fuerte resistencia a la flexión, una construcción simple, economía y estructura liviana, lo que la hace ampliamente aplicable.
II. Composición química de la viga H de la serie W del estándar americano
- C: 0,27~0,35;
- Si: 0,93~1,20;
- Ni: ≤0,029;
- Cu: ≤0,025;
- Manganeso: 0,80~1,10;
- S: ≤0,025;
- P: ≤0,026;
- Cr: 0,75~1,20;
III. Rendimiento de desoxidación y aleación de vigas de acero en H serie W estándar estadounidense
El proceso implica liberar acero fundido cuando su temperatura y composición cumplen con las especificaciones para el tipo de acero que se está refinando. Al roscar el acero se debe tener cuidado para evitar que entre escoria en la cuchara.
Los aditivos utilizados para ajustar la temperatura, la composición y la desoxidación del acero fundido se agregan a la cuchara o corriente de acero durante el roscado, también conocido como aleación de desoxidación.
4. Propósito de normalizar la viga H estándar americana:
1) Para aliviar la tensión interna del material.
2) Ajustar la dureza del material (generalmente aumentar) con una ligera reducción de la plasticidad.
Esto es para prepararse para el procesamiento posterior. Tiene un efecto similar al recocido, pero tiene como objetivo mejorar la eficiencia y reducir costos.
V. Tabla de pesos de vigas H de ala ancha
| DESIGNACIÓN | DIMENSIÓN | Peso | ÁREA DE PINTURA |
| kilogramos/m | SM/M | ||
| A36×300 | 933,20×423,04×24,00/42,67 | 446.45 | 3.559 |
| ×280 | 927,61×421,51×22,48/39,88 | 416,68 | 3.541 |
| ×260 | 921,00×420,37×21,34/36,58 | 386,92 | 3.523 |
| ×245 | 916,43×419,35×20,32/34,29 | 364,60 | 3.510 |
| ×230 | 911,86×418,34×19,30/32,00 | 342.28 | 3.497 |
| ×210 | 931,93×309,37×21,08/34,54 | 312.51 | 3,101 |
| ×194 | 926,85×307,72×19,43/32,00 | 288.70 | 3.085 |
| ×182 | 922,78×306,71×18,42/29,97 | 270.84 | 3.072 |
| ×170 | 918,72×305,56×17,27/27,94 | 252,99 | 3.060 |
| ×160 | 914,65×304,80×16,51/25,91 | 238.10 | 3.049 |
| ×150 | 910,59×304,17×15,88/23,88 | 223.22 | 3.038 |
| ×135 | 902,97×303,53×15,24/20,07 | 200.90 | 3.020 |
| W33×241 | 868,17×402,84×21,08/35,56 | 358,65 | 3.348 |
| ×221 | 861,82×401,45×19,69/32,39 | 328,88 | 3.329 |
| ×201 | 855,47×399,92×18,16/29,21 | 299.12 | 3.311 |
| ×152 | 850,65×293,75×16,13/26,80 | 226.20 | 2.876 |
| ×141 | 845,82×292,99×15,37/24,38 | 209,83 | 2.864 |
| ×130 | 840,49×292,35×14,73/21,72 | 193,46 | 2.850 |
| ×118 | 834,64×291,59×13,97/18,80 | 175,60 | 2.836 |
| A30×211 | 785,88×383,67×19,69/33,40 | 314.00 | 3,106 |
| ×191 | 779,27×382,02×18,03/30,10 | 284.24 | 3.087 |
| ×173 | 773,18×380,62×16,64/27,05 | 257,45 | 3.069 |
| ×132 | 769,87×267,84×15,62/25,40 | 196,44 | 2.611 |
| ×124 | 766,32×267,08×14,86/23,62 | 184,53 | 2.601 |
| ×116 | 762,76×266,57×14,35/21,59 | 172,63 | 2,592 |
| ×108 | 757,68×266,07×13,84/19,30 | 160,72 | 2.580 |
| ×99 | 753,11×265,43×13,21/17,02 | 147,33 | 2.568 |
| A27×178 | 706,37×357,76×18,42/30,23 | 264,89 | 2.844 |
| ×161 | 700,79×356,11×16,76/27,43 | 239,59 | 2.826 |
| ×146 | 695,45×354,71×15,37/24,77 | 217.27 | 2.810 |
| ×114 | 693,17×255,78×14,48/23,62 | 169,65 | 2,409 |
| ×102 | 688,09×254,38×13,08/21,08 | 151,79 | 2,394 |
| A27×94 | 683,77×253,75×12,45/18,92 | 139,89 | 2,383 |
| ×84 | 678,43×252,98×11,68/16,26 | 125.01 | 2,369 |
| A24×162 | 635,00×329,06×17,91/30,99 | 241.08 | 2.586 |
| ×146 | 628,40×327,66×16,51/27,69 | 217.27 | 2.567 |
| ×131 | 621,79×326,52×15,37/24,38 | 194,95 | 2.550 |
| ×117 | 616,20×325,12×13,97/21,59 | 174.11 | 2.533 |
| ×104 | 611,12×323,85×12,70/19,05 | 154,77 | 2,518 |
| ×94 | 617,47×230,25×13,08/22,23 | 139,89 | 2,156 |
| ×84 | 612,14×229,11×11,94/19,56 | 125.01 | 2,141 |
| ×76 | 607,57×228,35×11,18/17,27 | 113.10 | 2,129 |
| ×68 | 602,74×227,71×10,54/14,86 | 101.19 | 2,116 |
| ×62 | 603,00×178,82×10,92/14,99 | 92,27 | 1.921 |
| ×55 | 598,68×177,93×10,03/12,83 | 81,85 | 1.909 |
| A21×147 | 560,32×317,75×18,29/29,21 | 218,76 | 2,392 |
| ×132 | 554,48×315,98×16,51/26,29 | 194,44 | 2,373 |
| ×122 | 550,67×314,71×15,24/24,38 | 181,56 | 2,360 |
| ×111 | 546,35×313,44×13,97/22,23 | 165.19 | 2,346 |
| ×101 | 542,54×312,17×12,70/20,32 | 150,30 | 2,334 |
| ×93 | 549,15×213,87×14,73/23,62 | 138,40 | 1.954 |
| ×83 | 544,32×212,22×13,08/21,21 | 123,52 | 1938 |
| ×73 | 539,50×210,69×11,56/18,80 | 108,64 | 1.922 |
| ×68 | 536,70×210,06×10,92/17,40 | 101.20 | 1.914 |
| ×62 | 533,15×209,30×10,16/15,62 | 92,27 | 1.904 |
| ×57 | 534,92×166,50×10,29/16,51 | 84,82 | 1.736 |
| ×50 | 529,08×165,86×9,65/13,59 | 74,41 | 1.722 |
| ×44 | 524,76×165,10×8,89/11,43 | 65,48 | 1.710 |
| A18×119 | 481,84×286,13×16,64/26,92 | 177.09 | 2,108 |
| ×106 | 475,74×284,48×14,99/23,88 | 157,74 | 2.089 |
| ×97 | 472,19×283,08×13,59/22,10 | 144,35 | 2.077 |
| ×86 | 467,11×281,69×12,19/19,56 | 127,98 | 2.061 |
| ×76 | 462,53×280,29×10,80/17,27 | 113.10 | 2.046 |
| ×71 | 469,14×193,93×12,57/20,57 | 105,66 | 1.714 |
| ×65 | 466,09×192,79×11,43/19,05 | 96,73 | 1.703 |
| ×60 | 463,30×191,90×10,54/17,65 | 89,29 | 1.694 |
| ×55 | 459,99×191,26×9,91/16,00 | 81,85 | 1.685 |
| ×50 | 456,95×190,37×9,02/14,48 | 74,41 | 1.675 |
| ×46 | 458,72×153,92×9,14/15,37 | 68,46 | 1.533 |
| A18×40 | 454,66×152,78×8,00/13,34 | 59,53 | 1.520 |
| ×35 | 449,58×152,40×7,62/10,80 | 52.09 | 1.509 |
| A16×100 | 431,04×264,80×14,86/25,02 | 148,82 | 1.921 |
| ×89 | 425,45×263,27×13,34/22,23 | 132,45 | 1.904 |
| ×77 | 419,61×261,49×11,56/19,30 | 114,59 | 1.885 |
| ×67 | 414,78×259,97×10,03/16,89 | 99,71 | 1.869 |
| ×57 | 417,32×180,85×10,92/18,16 | 84,82 | 1.558 |
| ×50 | 413,00×179,58×9,65/16,00 | 74,41 | 1.544 |
| ×45 | 409,70×178,69×8,76/14,35 | 66,97 | 1.534 |
| ×40 | 406,65×177,67×7,75/12,83 | 59,53 | 1.524 |
| ×36 | 402,84×177,42×7,49/10,92 | 53,57 | 1.515 |
| ×31 | 403,35×140,34×6,99/11,18 | 46.13 | 1.368 |
| ×26 | 398,53×139,70×6,35/8,76 | 38,69 | 1.356 |
| L14×730 | 569,47×454,41×77,98/124,71 | 1086.35 | 2,957 |
| ×665 | 549,66×448,31×71,88/114,81 | 989,62 | 2.893 |
| ×605 | 531,37×442,34×65,91/105,66 | 900.33 | 2.832 |
| ×550 | 514,10×436,88×60,45/97,03 | 818.49 | 2.776 |
| ×500 | 497,84×432,05×55,63/88,90 | 744.08 | 2,724 |
| ×455 | 483,11×427,61×51,18/81,53 | 677.11 | 2.677 |
| ×426 | 474,22×424,05×47,63/77,09 | 633.95 | 2.645 |
| ×398 | 464,57×421,39×44,96/72,26 | 592.29 | 2,615 |
| ×370 | 455,17×418,47×42,04/67,56 | 550.62 | 2.584 |
| ×342 | 445,52×415,54×39,12/62,74 | 508.95 | 2.553 |
| ×311 | 434,85×412,24×35,81/57,40 | 462,82 | 2,519 |
| ×283 | 425,20×409,19×32,77/52,58 | 421.15 | 2.487 |
| ×257 | 416,05×406,27×29,85/48,01 | 382,46 | 2.457 |
| ×233 | 407,42×403,61×27,18/43,69 | 346,74 | 2,429 |
| ×211 | 399,29×401,32×24,89/39,62 | 314.00 | 2,404 |
| ×193 | 393,19×399,03×22,61/36,58 | 287.21 | 2,383 |
| ×176 | 386,59×397,51×21,08/33,27 | 261,92 | 2,363 |
| ×159 | 380,49×395,35×18,92/30,23 | 236,62 | 2,342 |
| ×145 | 375,41×393,70×17,27/27,69 | 215,78 | 2,326 |
| ×132 | 372,36×374,02×16,38/26,16 | 196,44 | 2,241 |
| ×120 | 367,79×372,62×14,99/23,88 | 178,58 | 2,224 |
| ×109 | 363,73×370,97×13,34/21,84 | 162.21 | 2,211 |
| ×99 | 359,66×369,95×12,32/19,81 | 147,33 | 2,199 |
| A14×90 | 356,11×368,81×11,18/18,03 | 133,93 | 2,187 |
| ×82 | 363,47×257,30×12,95/21,72 | 122.03 | 1.756 |
| ×74 | 359,92×255,78×11,43/19,94 | 110.12 | 1.743 |
| ×68 | 356,62×254,89×10,54/18,29 | 101.19 | 1.733 |
| ×61 | 352,81×253,87×9,53/16,38 | 90,78 | 1.721 |
| ×53 | 353,57×204,72×9,40/16,76 | 78,87 | 1.526 |
| ×48 | 350,27×203,96×8,64/15,11 | 71,43 | 1.516 |
| ×43 | 346,96×203,07×7,75/13,46 | 63,99 | 1.506 |
| ×38 | 358,14×171,96×7,87/13,08 | 56,55 | 1.404 |
| ×34 | 355,09×171,32×7,24/11,56 | 50,60 | 1.395 |
| ×30 | 351,54×170,94×6,86/9,78 | 44,64 | 1.387 |
| ×26 | 353,31×127,64×6,48/10,67 | 38,69 | 1,217 |
| ×22 | 349,00×127,00×5,84/8,51 | 32,74 | 1.206 |
| Anchura 12×336 | 427,23×339,98×45,09/75,06 | 500.02 | 2,214 |
| ×305 | 414,53×336,17×41,28/68,71 | 453.89 | 2,174 |
| ×279 | 402,59×333,76×38,86/62,74 | 415.20 | 2,140 |
| ×252 | 391,41×330,33×35,43/57,15 | 375.02 | 2,104 |
| ×230 | 382,27×327,53×32,64/52,58 | 342.28 | 2.075 |
| ×210 | 373,63×324,87×29,97/48,26 | 312.51 | 2.047 |
| ×190 | 365,25×321,82×26,92/44,07 | 282,75 | 2018 |
| ×170 | 356,36×319,28×24,38/39,62 | 252,99 | 1990 |
| ×152 | 348,23×316,99×22,10/35,56 | 226.20 | 1964 |
| ×136 | 340,61×314,96×20,07/31,75 | 202.39 | 1.941 |
| ×120 | 333,25×312,93×18,03/28,07 | 178,58 | 1.918 |
| ×106 | 327,41×310,39×15,49/25,15 | 157,74 | 1.896 |
| ×96 | 322,83×308,86×13,97/22,86 | 142,86 | 1.881 |
| ×87 | 318,26×307,98×13,08/20,57 | 129,47 | 1.868 |
| ×79 | 314,45×306,83×11,94/18,67 | 117,56 | 1.856 |
| ×72 | 311,15×305,82×10,92/17,02 | 107.15 | 1.846 |
| ×65 | 307,85×304,80×9,91/15,37 | 96,73 | 1.835 |
| ×58 | 309,63×254,25×9,14/16,26 | 86,31 | 1.636 |
| ×53 | 306,32×253,87×8,76/14,61 | 78,87 | 1.628 |
| ×50 | 309,63×205,23×9,40/16,26 | 74,41 | 1.440 |
| ×45 | 306,32×204,34×8,51/14,61 | 66,97 | 1.430 |
| ×40 | 303,28×203,33×7,49/13,08 | 59,53 | 1.420 |
| ×35 | 317,50×166,62×7,62/13,21 | 52.09 | 1.301 |
| A12×30 | 313,44×165,61×6,60/11,18 | 44,64 | 1.289 |
| ×26 | 310,39×164,85×5,84/9,65 | 38,69 | 1.280 |
| ×22 | 312,67×102,36×6,60/10,80 | 32,74 | 1.035 |
| ×19 | 308,86×101,73×5,97/8,89 | 28.27 | 1.025 |
| ×16 | 304,55×101,35×5,59/6,73 | 23,81 | 1.015 |
| ×14 | 302,51×100,84×5,08/5,72 | 20,83 | 1.008 |
| A10×112 | 288,54×264,54×19,18/31,75 | 166,67 | 1.635 |
| ×100 | 281,94×262,64×17,27/28,45 | 148,82 | 1.614 |
| ×88 | 275,34×260,73×15,37/25,15 | 130,96 | 1.594 |
| ×77 | 269,24×258,83×13,46/22,10 | 114,59 | 1.574 |
| ×68 | 264,16×257,30×11,94/19,56 | 101.19 | 1.558 |
| ×60 | 259,59×256,03×10,67/17,27 | 89,29 | 1.543 |
| ×54 | 256,29×254,76×9,40/15,62 | 80.36 | 1.532 |
| ×49 | 253,49×254,00×8,64/14,22 | 72,92 | 1.523 |
| ×45 | 256,54×203,71×8,89/15,75 | 66,97 | 1.328 |
| ×39 | 251,97×202,82×8,00/13,46 | 58.04 | 1.315 |
| ×33 | 247,14×202,18×7,37/11,05 | 49.11 | 1.303 |
| ×30 | 265,94×147,57×7,62/12,95 | 44,64 | 1,122 |
| ×26 | 262,38×146,56×6,60/11,18 | 38,69 | 1,111 |
| ×22 | 258,32×146,05×6,10/9,14 | 32,74 | 1,101 |
| ×19 | 260,10×102,11×6,35/10,03 | 28.27 | 0,929 |
| ×17 | 256,79×101,85×6,10/8,38 | 25:30 | 0.921 |
| ×15 | 253,75×101,60×5,84/6,86 | 22:32 | 0.914 |
| ×12 | 250,70×100,58×4,83/5,33 | 17,86 | 0.904 |
| A8×67 | 228,60×210,31×14,48/23,75 | 99,71 | 1.298 |
| ×58 | 222,25×208,79×12,95/20,57 | 86,31 | 1.280 |
| ×48 | 215,90×205,99×10,16/17,40 | 71,43 | 1.256 |
| ×40 | 209,55×204,98×9,14/14,22 | 59,53 | 1.239 |
| ×35 | 206,25×203,71×7,87/12,57 | 52.09 | 1.227 |
| ×31 | 203,20×203,07×7,24/11,05 | 46.13 | 1,219 |
| ×28 | 204,72×165,99×7,24/11,81 | 41,67 | 1.073 |
| ×24 | 201,42×164,97×6,22/10,16 | 35,72 | 1.063 |
| ×21 | 210,31×133,86×6,35/10,16 | 31:25 | 0.956 |
| A8×18 | 206,76×133,35×5,84/8,38 | 26,79 | 0.947 |
| ×15 | 205,99×101,98×6,22/8,00 | 22:32 | 0.820 |
| ×13 | 202,95×101,60×5,84/6,48 | 19:35 | 0.812 |
| ×10 | 200,41×100,08×4,32/5,21 | 14,88 | 0.801 |
| A6×25 | 162,05×154,43×8,13/11,56 | 37:20 | 0.942 |
| ×20 | 157,48×152,91×6,60/9,27 | 29,76 | 0,927 |
| ×15 | 152,15×152,15×5,84/6,60 | 22:32 | 0.913 |
| ×16 | 159,51×102,36×6,60/10,29 | 23,81 | 0,728 |
| ×12 | 153,16×101,60×5,84/7,11 | 17,86 | 0.713 |
| ×9 | 149,86×100,08×4,32/5,46 | 13:39 | 0.700 |
| A5×19 | 130,81×127,76×6,86/10,92 | 28.27 | 0,773 |
| ×16 | 127,25×127,00×6,10/9,14 | 23,81 | 0.763 |
| W4×13 | 105,66×103,12×7,11/8,76 | 19:35 | 0,624 |
